Which is an unintended effect of elderspeak?

Active listening

Short-term memory loss

Resistance to care

Compliance

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Active listening: Active listening is a therapeutic communication skill that involves attentiveness, validation, and appropriate responses to the patient’s concerns. Elderspeak, which includes patronizing language, exaggerated intonation, and simplified speech, does not promote engagement or mutual respect, and therefore does not enhance active listening behaviors.

B. Short-term memory loss: Short-term memory loss is a cognitive impairment commonly associated with aging or neurological conditions such as dementia. Elderspeak does not directly cause memory deficits; rather, it can negatively impact emotional well-being and communication effectiveness without altering cognitive function.

C. Resistance to care: Elderspeak can be perceived as demeaning, infantilizing, or disrespectful by older adults. This can lead to frustration, decreased autonomy, and behavioral responses such as refusal of care, agitation, or withdrawal. That such communication styles are associated with increased resistance to care, particularly in individuals with cognitive impairment.

D. Compliance: Compliance implies cooperation with care and adherence to treatment plans. Elderspeak often undermines patient dignity and autonomy, which can reduce trust and willingness to cooperate, making increased compliance an unlikely outcome.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is an excess of hydrogen ions or a loss of bicarbonate, as seen in conditions like diarrhea or renal failure. Nasogastric suction primarily removes gastric hydrochloric acid, which does not cause acidosis, this is not the expected imbalance.

B. Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis results from hypoventilation, leading to CO₂ retention and decreased pH. NG suction does not directly affect respiratory function or CO₂ levels, so this is unlikely.

C. Metabolic alkalosis: Prolonged nasogastric suction removes hydrochloric acid from the stomach. The loss of H⁺ ions leads to a rise in blood pH, creating a metabolic alkalosis. This is a classic complication of continuous or prolonged NG suction, especially over several days.

D. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, resulting in decreased CO₂ levels. NG suction does not induce hyperventilation or CO₂ loss, this imbalance is not expected.

A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Normal ABG results D. Metabolic acidosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) and elevated PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg), typically due to hypoventilation or impaired gas exchange. In this ABG, the pH is elevated at 7.58 and PaCO2 is within normal limits (37.5 mm Hg), which does not indicate respiratory acidosis.

B. Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis presents with an elevated pH (>7.45) and increased bicarbonate (HCO3 >28 mEq/L). The patient’s pH is 7.58 and HCO3 is 31.2 mEq/L, consistent with metabolic alkalosis. The mild increase in base excess (+6.4) supports metabolic alkalosis, while the near-normal PaCO2 reflects partial respiratory compensation through hypoventilation.

C. Normal ABG results: Normal arterial blood gas values are: pH 7.35–7.45, PaCO2 35–45 mm Hg, HCO3 22–28 mEq/L, PaO2 80–100 mm Hg, and O2 saturation 95–100%. This patient’s ABG shows an elevated pH and HCO3, which are outside normal ranges.

D. Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low pH (<7.35) and decreased HCO3 (<22 mEq/L). The patient’s pH is high (7.58) and HCO3 is elevated, which is opposite the pattern seen in metabolic acidosis, making this option inconsistent with the ABG results.

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Which is an unintended effect of elderspeak?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client that has had a nasogastric tube to low wall suction for 5 days. Which acid/base imbalance would the nurse expect to see in this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The following arterial blood gas (ABG) results indicate? pH-7.58 PaCO2-37.5 Pa02-80 HCO3-31.2 BE-(+6.4) 02 Sat - 93%

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Which is an unintended effect of elderspeak?

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