Which nutrient deficiency is commonly associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures in older adults?
Magnesium
Vitamin D
Vitamin B12
Iron
The Correct Answer is B
A. Magnesium: Magnesium supports muscle and nerve function, but its deficiency is not the primary nutrient linked to falls and fractures in older adults. While low magnesium can cause weakness, it is not the most common cause of skeletal fragility.
B. Vitamin D: Deficiency in vitamin D reduces calcium absorption and leads to weakened bone mineralization, increasing the risk of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures. It also contributes to impaired muscle function, making older adults more susceptible to imbalance and injury.
C. Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neuropathy, anemia, and cognitive changes, which may indirectly increase fall risk. However, it is not the nutrient most strongly associated with bone strength and fracture prevention.
D. Iron: Iron deficiency primarily causes anemia, leading to fatigue and weakness. While this may reduce activity levels, it is not directly linked to increased fracture risk in older adults compared to vitamin D deficiency.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Actinic keratosis: Actinic keratosis is not a malignant skin cancer but rather a precancerous lesion caused by chronic sun exposure. While common in older adults, it has the potential to progress to squamous cell carcinoma if untreated.
B. Melanoma: Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer due to its high potential for metastasis and mortality. However, it is less common compared to basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for a smaller percentage of skin cancer cases.
C. Basal cell carcinoma: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant skin cancer, representing the majority of skin cancer diagnoses. It grows slowly, rarely metastasizes, but can cause significant local tissue destruction if not treated promptly.
D. Squamous cell carcinoma: Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma. It has a higher metastatic potential than basal cell carcinoma but is still less frequent in occurrence.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Probe the client to offer a factual account of the abuse: Pressuring the client to provide details can increase anxiety, fear, or distrust. Gentle, patient communication is more effective than probing for specifics.
B. Provide basic wound care for obvious physical injuries: While wound care addresses physical needs, it does not actively promote verbal communication or help the client feel safe to share their experience.
C. Invite a family member to be present for the nursing history: Including family may inhibit the client from speaking freely, especially if abuse is suspected within the household. Privacy is essential to facilitate honest communication.
D. Be direct and honest when speaking with the client: Clear, honest, and nonjudgmental communication helps build trust and encourages the client to express concerns at their own pace. This approach fosters a safe environment conducive to disclosure and therapeutic interaction.
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