Which of the following activities or attributes would indicate appropriate development according to Erikson's developmental theory for the preschool-aged child?
Planning a tea party with her toys
Imitating their parents
Taking apart a toy to see how it works
Building a model
The Correct Answer is A
A. The preschool stage (ages 3–6 years) corresponds to Erikson’s stage of Initiative vs. Guilt, where children take initiative in play, imagination, and planning activities. Pretend play, such as planning a tea party, is a hallmark of this developmental stage. It demonstrates creativity, initiative, and the ability to direct their own activities, which shows age-appropriate psychosocial development.
B. Imitation is more characteristic of the toddler stage (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt). While preschoolers may still imitate, it is not the primary defining behavior of their Eriksonian stage.
C. Taking apart a toy to understand how it works reflects curiosity and problem-solving more typical of the school-age child (Industry vs. Inferiority), who is focused on mastery and understanding how things function.
D. Building a model requires higher-level fine motor skills, sustained attention, and structured task completion, abilities more aligned with the school-age period rather than preschool development.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The child is exhibiting signs of possible compartment syndrome, a medical emergency. Key indicators include unrelieved pain despite analgesics, inability to move fingers, and persistent crying, which may signal nerve or vascular compromise. Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to prevent permanent nerve or tissue damage. The nurse should instruct the mother to seek emergency care immediately rather than waiting.
B. While ice can help reduce swelling in minor injuries, it is not sufficient for managing potential compartment syndrome. Delaying emergency evaluation could worsen tissue damage and lead to permanent functional loss.
C. Fatigue management does not address the acute, serious risk of neurovascular compromise in this situation. This advice would not resolve the underlying problem.
D. Waiting is unsafe because persistent pain and inability to move the fingers are red flags for compartment syndrome
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Infants with congenital hypothyroidism usually present with hypotonia, not hypertonia. Muscle weakness and poor muscle tone are typical findings due to reduced metabolic activity. Hypertonia would not support a diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism.
B. Congenital hypothyroidism typically causes bradycardia or a slow heart rate due to decreased metabolic rate. Tachycardia is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, fever, or other stress conditions.
C. Infants with congenital hypothyroidism often have cool, dry, and pale skin due to reduced metabolism and poor perfusion. Warm, flushed skin would be inconsistent with this diagnosis.
D. This is a classic sign of congenital hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism slows gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation, poor feeding, and sometimes abdominal distension. Other supportive findings include prolonged jaundice, large tongue (macroglossia), puffy face, hypotonia, poor growth, and an open posterior fontanel (delayed closure).
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