Which of the following are vital signs monitoring considerations for a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis? (Select all that apply)
Monitor respiratory rate for anomalies
Monitor blood pressure for fluctuations
Check pulse oximetry regularly
Regularly check blood glucose levels
Assess urine output for changes
Monitor dally weight for fluid retention
Observe skin color and temperature changes
Correct Answer : A,B,C,F,G
A. Monitor respiratory rate for anomalies: Respiratory rate should be monitored because instilled dialysate can increase intra-abdominal pressure, impairing diaphragmatic movement and leading to breathing difficulties.
B. Monitor blood pressure for fluctuations: Blood pressure must be assessed closely since fluid shifts during peritoneal dialysis can lead to hypotension or hypertension, reflecting fluid imbalance.
C. Check pulse oximetry regularly: Pulse oximetry is important because decreased lung expansion from abdominal fluid can cause hypoxemia, especially in patients with preexisting respiratory compromise.
D. Regularly check blood glucose levels: Blood glucose monitoring is primarily emphasized in diabetic patients, since glucose-containing dialysate can elevate levels, but it is not a standard vital signs parameter.
E. Assess urine output for changes: Urine output may decline in end-stage renal disease patients, but it is not considered part of routine vital signs monitoring during dialysis treatment.
F. Monitor daily weight for fluid retention: Daily weight is a critical measure of fluid balance, helping evaluate dialysis effectiveness and detect early signs of fluid overload or inadequate ultrafiltration.
G. Observe skin color and temperature changes: Monitoring skin color and temperature helps identify early signs of infection, hypoperfusion, or sepsis, making this an important component of vital signs assessment.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Protruding eyeballs: Proptosis or bulging eyes is not associated with dehydration. This finding is more commonly related to conditions such as thyroid eye disease or orbital tumors and does not indicate fluid deficit in older adults.
B. Hypothermia: Dehydration typically does not cause hypothermia. Older adults may have altered thermoregulation, but dehydration more commonly presents with other signs such as tachycardia, hypotension, or dry mucous membranes rather than low body temperature.
C. Elevated blood pressure: Dehydration usually leads to decreased circulating volume, which often results in hypotension rather than hypertension. Elevated blood pressure is not a typical expected finding in fluid-deficient states.
D. Furrows in the tongue: Dry mouth and deep furrows on the tongue are classic signs of dehydration. Reduced fluid intake or excessive fluid loss causes mucous membranes to become dry, and the tongue may appear cracked or furrowed.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Blood pressure 98/56 mm Hg: A slightly low blood pressure is not a contraindication to epoetin alfa administration. The major concern with this medication is hypertension, not hypotension, so this finding would not prevent giving the dose.
B. Creatinine 1.6 mg/dL: Elevated creatinine is expected in end-stage kidney disease and does not affect the decision to administer epoetin alfa. This medication is used specifically to manage anemia related to chronic kidney disease.
C. Oxygen saturation 89%: A low oxygen saturation reflects hypoxemia, but epoetin alfa does not treat oxygenation problems directly. Supplemental oxygen and pulmonary assessment would be the priority, but this finding is not a contraindication to giving the drug.
D. Hemoglobin level 13 g/dL: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, and giving it when hemoglobin is already elevated increases the risk of serious adverse effects such as thrombosis, stroke, and hypertension. Reporting this value is essential drug administration.
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