Which of the following changes in the respiratory system of the aging population is the main reason why they are at greater risk for respiratory infections?
Decreased efficiency of the respiratory muscles
Loss of elasticity of the lung tissue
The phagocytes in the lungs become less effective
Number of alveoli decreases
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased efficiency of the respiratory muscles: Affects ventilation but not directly related to infection susceptibility.
B. Loss of elasticity of the lung tissue: Affects gas exchange but doesn't impair immune defense.
C. The phagocytes in the lungs become less effective: Correct; weakened immune response increases infection risk.
D. Number of alveoli decreases: Affects surface area for gas exchange, not immune function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Refer to breathing rates: Bradypnea = slow breathing; tachypnea = rapid breathing. Both describe respiratory rates.
B. Are respiratory changes caused by exercise: Tachypnea may occur with exercise, but bradypnea does not.
C. Are upper respiratory infections: These are breathing patterns, not infections.
D. Are relieved by sitting upright: This describes orthopnea, not bradypnea/tachypnea.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hyperventilating: this means rapid, deep breathing.
B. Having difficulty breathing: that is dyspnea.
C. Experiencing Kussmaul respirations: that’s deep, labored breathing, often seen in metabolic acidosis.
D. Not breathing: apnea means absence of breathing.
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