Which of the following changes in the respiratory system of the aging population is the main reason why they are at greater risk for respiratory infections?
Decreased efficiency of the respiratory muscles
Loss of elasticity of the lung tissue
The phagocytes in the lungs become less effective
Number of alveoli decreases
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased efficiency of the respiratory muscles: Affects ventilation but not directly related to infection susceptibility.
B. Loss of elasticity of the lung tissue: Affects gas exchange but doesn't impair immune defense.
C. The phagocytes in the lungs become less effective: Correct; weakened immune response increases infection risk.
D. Number of alveoli decreases: Affects surface area for gas exchange, not immune function.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Bronchial tree: The bronchial tree refers to the entire system of airways including the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
B. Bronchioles: Bronchioles are smaller airways that arise from bronchi and do not contain cartilage. They are located further down the respiratory pathway, closer to labels #5 or #6.
C. Alveoli: Alveoli are the tiny air sacs at the very end of the respiratory tract where gas exchange occurs. They are shown at label #7, not #3.
D. Bronchi: Bronchi are the major air passages that branch off from the trachea. Label #3 is pointing to a structure at this level-larger than bronchioles but smaller than the trachea. It is one of the primary or secondary bronchi.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hyperventilating: this means rapid, deep breathing.
B. Having difficulty breathing: that is dyspnea.
C. Experiencing Kussmaul respirations: that’s deep, labored breathing, often seen in metabolic acidosis.
D. Not breathing: apnea means absence of breathing.
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