Using the providing diagram, identify the structure labeled as #4.
Larynx
Pharynx
Trachea
Nose
The Correct Answer is B
A. Larynx: The larynx is located below the pharynx and above the trachea. It houses the vocal cords and plays a role in speech. In the diagram, the larynx is likely structure #6, not #4.
B. Pharynx: The pharynx is a muscular passageway for food and air. It lies behind the nasal cavity and mouth, connecting them to the larynx and esophagus. Structure #4 is positioned in that area, making it the correct answer.
C. Trachea: The trachea is the windpipe that extends from the larynx downward into the chest. It is shown lower in the diagram (likely structure #7), not #4.
D. Nose: The nose (including the nostrils and nasal cavity) is the outermost and uppermost part of the respiratory tract. In the diagram, structure #3 appears to represent the nose, not #4.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Superior/upper right lobe: Label #1 is at the top part of the right lung.
B. Inferior/lower right lobe: The left lung is on the viewer’s right. The lower lobe of the left lung is positioned inferiorly (near the diaphragm) and would be closer to label #8.
C. Superior/upper left lobe: The left lung has only two lobes: superior and inferior. The superior lobe of the left lung would be in the corresponding location to label #6.
D. Middle right lobe: The middle lobe is only present in the right lung and lies below the superior lobe but above the inferior lobe.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. There are fewer alveoli available for gas exchange: Pneumonia causes inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs, while collapsed alveoli (atelectasis) reduce the surface area available for gas exchange. This results in impaired oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide removal, making breathing less efficient.
B. Rapid shallow breathing can compensate for the collapsed alveoli, no further treatment is required: While rapid, shallow breathing can be a response to decreased oxygen levels, it does not fully compensate for the loss of functional alveoli. Patients with pneumonia and atelectasis often require medical intervention, such as oxygen therapy or breathing exercises, to improve lung function.
C. O₂ levels in the blood will increase: Oxygen levels in the blood decrease, not increase, because fewer alveoli are available to facilitate gas exchange. The impaired alveolar function leads to hypoxemia (low blood oxygen), which can cause symptoms like shortness of breath and cyanosis.
D. There will be no effect on breathing and O₂ levels in the blood: Pneumonia and collapsed alveoli significantly affect breathing and oxygen levels. Patients may experience difficulty breathing, reduced oxygen saturation, and increased respiratory effort as their bodies try to compensate for poor oxygen exchange.
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