Which of the following describes the plasma membrane?
a double layer of proteins enclosing the plasma
a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae
a single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell
The Correct Answer is D
A. A double layer of proteins enclosing the plasma: Proteins are embedded within the plasma membrane and serve as channels, receptors, or structural support, but the membrane itself is not composed of a double layer of proteins.
B. A membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae: Cristae are folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase surface area for energy production. They are specific to mitochondria and do not describe the plasma membrane.
C. A single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell: The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus and consists of a double lipid bilayer, not a single layer, and is distinct from the plasma membrane.
D. A phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell: The plasma membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails inward. Embedded proteins and carbohydrates allow selective permeability, communication, and protection of the cell.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cardiovascular anatomy: This refers to the structure of the heart and blood vessels, including their size, shape, and location, but does not describe their function.
B. Systemic physiology: Systemic physiology studies the functions of organ systems throughout the body in general, not specifically the heart and blood vessels.
C. Systemic anatomy: Systemic anatomy focuses on the structural organization of entire organ systems, without addressing how they function.
D. Cardiovascular physiology: Cardiovascular physiology examines how the heart and blood vessels work together to circulate blood, deliver oxygen and nutrients, and maintain blood pressure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally: Negative feedback is the body’s primary way to maintain homeostasis by reversing changes. If these mechanisms are functioning normally, homeostatic imbalance would not occur.
B. It is considered the cause of most diseases: Homeostatic imbalance occurs when the body’s regulatory systems fail to maintain stability. This disruption underlies the development of many diseases, as the inability to restore balance leads to dysfunction and pathology.
C. Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed: Positive feedback amplifies changes rather than stabilizing them. While uncontrolled positive feedback can contribute to imbalance, it is not the main principle behind most disease states.
D. The internal environment is becoming more stable: Stability of the internal environment defines homeostasis. When imbalance occurs, the internal environment is actually becoming less stable, which can progress to illness if not corrected.
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