Which of the following findings in a pregnant client may indicate potential heart failure rather than normal pregnancy changes?
Feeling tired at the end of a busy day
Shortness of breath with moderate exertion
Mild swelling of ankles after standing all day
Swelling of face and hands, rapid breathing, and persistent cough
The Correct Answer is D
A. Fatigue is a common and expected change in pregnancy due to increased metabolic demands and hormonal shifts. It is not specific for heart failure.
B. Mild dyspnea on exertion is common in pregnancy because of increased oxygen demand and diaphragmatic elevation. This alone does not indicate heart failure.
C. Peripheral edema is a typical physiological change in pregnancy, especially in the lower extremities, due to increased blood volume and venous pressure. It is usually not concerning unless accompanied by other signs.
D. These findings are not typical of normal pregnancy and may indicate fluid overload and impaired cardiac function, suggesting heart failure. Pulmonary congestion can cause dyspnea, persistent cough, and orthopnea, while generalized edema (especially in the face and hands) is concerning for cardiac or severe renal involvement.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.34"]
Explanation
Given:
- Patient weight = 5.6 kg
- Safe dose = 0.03–0.06 mg/kg/day
Step 1: Use the formula for maximum safe dose
Maximum dose = Weight × Maximum mg/kg/day
Step 2: Substitute the values
Maximum dose = 5.6 × 0.06
Step 3: Calculate
Maximum dose = 0.336 mg/day
Step 4: Round to the nearest hundredth
Maximum dose = 0.34 mg/day
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The behaviors described including initial clinginess, crying, and gradual adjustment, are typical variations in temperament, not indicators of a social developmental delay. Most 3-year-olds show a range of responses when exposed to new environments.
B. A difficult temperament is characterized by intense reactions, irregular routines, and high sensitivity, but the child in this scenario eventually warms up and engages with others, indicating the child is not persistently difficult.
C. Children with an easy temperament adjust rapidly, show positive mood, and require minimal guidance, which does not match the initial clinginess and crying observed in this child.
D. Slow-to-warm-up children are cautious in unfamiliar situations, may initially withdraw or cling, and gradually adapt once they feel safe. The child’s behavior of crying, clinging, and taking several minutes to engage aligns with this temperament type.
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