Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
detoxification of certain chemicals, such as, drugs or pesticides
protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis
breakdown of stored glycogen to form free glucose
The Correct Answer is B
A. Detoxification of certain chemicals, such as drugs or pesticides: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum contains enzymes that modify and detoxify harmful substances, making them easier for the body to eliminate.
B. Protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes: Protein synthesis is primarily associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which has ribosomes attached. The smooth ER does not participate directly in protein synthesis.
C. Lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis: The smooth ER is the main site for lipid and steroid hormone synthesis, including cholesterol, supporting membrane production and cellular signaling.
D. Breakdown of stored glycogen to form free glucose: The smooth ER in liver cells contains enzymes that catalyze glycogen breakdown, contributing to glucose release into the blood to maintain energy homeostasis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hydrogen, carbon, potassium, nitrogen: While hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen are major elements in the human body, potassium is a trace element and does not contribute significantly to the 96% composition.
B. Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen: These four elements constitute approximately 96% of the human body. They form the building blocks of organic molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, making them essential for life.
C. Phosphorus, calcium, nitrogen, hydrogen: Phosphorus and calcium are important elements, particularly in bones and energy molecules, but they are present in much smaller amounts compared to carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
D. Calcium, helium, oxygen, nitrogen: Helium is not a biological element in the human body, and while calcium, oxygen, and nitrogen are present, this set does not reflect the four major elements that make up 96% of body composition.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Proteins: Proteins serve as the primary structural components of cells and tissues. They form muscles, connective tissue, enzymes, and cell membranes, providing strength, support, and functional versatility throughout the body.
B. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates primarily provide energy and serve as short-term fuel and structural components like glycogen, but they are not the main structural material of the body.
C. Lipids: Lipids function as energy storage, insulation, and components of cell membranes, but they do not provide the bulk structural framework of tissues.
D. Nucleic acids: Nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information but do not serve as the primary structural material for the body.
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