Which of the following most accurately defines virtue ethics?
An action is chosen because it sacrifices the fewest high-priority values.
An action is judged as good or bad based on the consequence or outcome.
An action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself, regardless of the consequences.
Actions are chosen based on the moral virtues (e.g., honesty, courage, compassion, wisdom, gratitude, self-respect) or the character of the person making the decision.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This describes a utilitarian or pragmatic approach to ethics, where decisions are made based on minimizing harm to high-priority values. It does not reflect the principles of virtue ethics.
Choice B reason: This aligns with consequentialism, where the morality of an action is determined by its outcomes. Virtue ethics, however, focuses on character and moral virtues rather than consequences.
Choice C reason: This reflects deontological ethics, which judges actions based on adherence to rules or duties, regardless of outcomes. Virtue ethics differs by emphasizing the moral character of the decision-maker.
Choice D reason: Virtue ethics centers on the character and virtues of the individual making the decision. It emphasizes traits like honesty, courage, and compassion as guiding principles for ethical behavior, making it the most accurate definition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement inaccurately defines informed consent. Informed consent is the process by which a competent individual voluntarily agrees to a proposed treatment after understanding its nature, risks, and benefits. It does not itself determine competency.
Choice B reason: Competency is indeed a legal determination made by a court, not a clinical judgment. While clinicians assess decision-making capacity, legal competency is formally adjudicated and has implications for guardianship and consent.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Individuals are presumed competent unless legally declared otherwise. The burden of proof lies in demonstrating incompetency, not the reverse.
Choice D reason: This describes decision-making capacity, which is a clinical concept. While related to competency, capacity is assessed by healthcare providers and can vary by situation. Competency, however, is a broader legal status.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: These questions align with validated alcohol screening tools such as the AUDIT and NIAAA guidelines. They quantify drinking patterns and help identify risky behaviors, making them appropriate for the SBIRT framework.
Choice B reason: While these questions may provide insight into drinking habits, they are not part of standardized screening tools and lack the specificity needed for clinical assessment under SBIRT.
Choice C reason: These questions are more appropriate for assessing readiness to change or dependence severity but are not primary screening questions in SBIRT.
Choice D reason: These questions explore social consequences and polysubstance use but are not standard initial screening items in SBIRT. They may be useful in follow-up assessments.
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