Which of the following organ systems faces the greatest physiological challenge in the transitional period after birth?
Muscular system
Integumentary system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Nervous system
The Correct Answer is C
A. Muscular system: Does not undergo a dramatic transition at birth.
B. Integumentary system: Adapts, but not as critically as the respiratory or circulatory systems.
C. Respiratory system: At birth, the newborn must shift from obtaining oxygen via the placenta to breathing air-a major physiological change.
D. Circulatory system: Also undergoes important changes (closure of fetal shunts), but the respiratory transition is more immediately life-sustaining.
E. Nervous system: Immature but does not require immediate postnatal adjustment for survival in the way the lungs do.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cervical canal: The cervical canal is the narrow passage through the cervix that connects the uterine cavity to the vagina.
B. Cervix of uterus: The cervix is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina. It includes the cervical canal and the surrounding tissue.
C. Vaginal orifice: The vaginal orifice is the external opening of the vagina to the outside body, located in the vulva. This is much more inferior and external than the structure being pointed to in the diagram.
D. Fornix: The fornix is the recess around the cervix inside the vagina, divided into anterior, posterior, and lateral parts. It surrounds the cervix but is not the cervix itself.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Renal hilum: The renal hilum is the medial opening of the kidney where vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter and exit.
B. Renal sinus: The renal sinus is the internal cavity of the kidney that contains the calyces, pelvis, vessels, and fat.
C. Major calyx: The major calyx is a large funnel-shaped structure that receives urine from multiple minor calyces.
D. Renal papilla: The renal papilla is the tip (apex) of a renal pyramid where urine is excreted into a minor calyx.
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