Emphysema can lead to which of the following?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Digestive alkalosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Metabolic acidosis: Caused by metabolic conditions like renal failure or lactic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis: Not caused by lung pathology.
C. Respiratory alkalosis: Occurs with hyperventilation, not in emphysema.
D. Respiratory acidosis: Emphysema impairs gas exchange and reduces CO₂ exhalation, leading to CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis.
E. Digestive alkalosis: Not a recognized acid-base disturbance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Muscular system: Does not undergo a dramatic transition at birth.
B. Integumentary system: Adapts, but not as critically as the respiratory or circulatory systems.
C. Respiratory system: At birth, the newborn must shift from obtaining oxygen via the placenta to breathing air-a major physiological change.
D. Circulatory system: Also undergoes important changes (closure of fetal shunts), but the respiratory transition is more immediately life-sustaining.
E. Nervous system: Immature but does not require immediate postnatal adjustment for survival in the way the lungs do.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C"}
Explanation
A. Gastric rugae: Ridges/folds in the stomach lining that allow it to expand, but do not regulate flow into the duodenum.
B. Antrum: The lower portion of the stomach that grinds food and mixes it with gastric juices; helps move chyme but does not regulate its release.
C. Pyloric sphincter: A muscular valve at the distal end of the stomach that controls the passage of chyme into the duodenum.
D. Fundus: The upper rounded portion of the stomach; involved in food storage, not in controlling outflow.
E. Cardial part: Connects the esophagus to the stomach and receives food; not involved in regulating outflow to the duodenum.
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