Emphysema can lead to which of the following?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Digestive alkalosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Metabolic acidosis: Caused by metabolic conditions like renal failure or lactic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis: Not caused by lung pathology.
C. Respiratory alkalosis: Occurs with hyperventilation, not in emphysema.
D. Respiratory acidosis: Emphysema impairs gas exchange and reduces CO₂ exhalation, leading to CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis.
E. Digestive alkalosis: Not a recognized acid-base disturbance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metabolic acidosis: Caused by metabolic conditions like renal failure or lactic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis: Not caused by lung pathology.
C. Respiratory alkalosis: Occurs with hyperventilation, not in emphysema.
D. Respiratory acidosis: Emphysema impairs gas exchange and reduces CO₂ exhalation, leading to CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis.
E. Digestive alkalosis: Not a recognized acid-base disturbance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Creatinine: Normal waste product from muscle metabolism; excreted in urine.
B. Urobilin: Normal pigment derived from breakdown of hemoglobin; gives urine its yellow color.
C. Glucose: Glucose should be reabsorbed completely in the proximal tubule. Its presence in urine (glucosuria) suggests hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus.
D. Ammonia: Produced from amino acid deamination; found in normal urine.
E. Magnesium: Small amounts are normally excreted in the urine as part of electrolyte balance.
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