Which of the following would indicate the effectiveness of a bronchodilator?
Retractions on assessment
Chest tightness
Use of accessory muscles
SpO2 increased from 87% to 94%.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Retractions on assessment: Retractions suggest increased respiratory effort and are a sign of respiratory distress. Their presence indicates that the airway is still obstructed or the patient is struggling to breathe, suggesting the bronchodilator has not been effective.
B. Chest tightness: Chest tightness is a subjective symptom often associated with bronchospasm or airway constriction. If it persists after bronchodilator use, it signals continued respiratory compromise and inadequate relief from the medication.
C. Use of accessory muscles: Use of accessory muscles indicates labored breathing and ongoing difficulty with ventilation. Effective bronchodilation should reduce the work of breathing and minimize reliance on these muscles.
D. SpO₂ increased from 87% to 94%: An increase in oxygen saturation indicates improved gas exchange and oxygenation, reflecting that the bronchodilator has successfully opened the airways. This is a measurable and objective sign of medication effectiveness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["2450"]
Explanation
Calculation:
- Jevity at 50 mL/hr from 2000 to 0600 (10 hours):
50 mL/hr × 10 hr = 500 mL
- Free water flush at 0615:
= 50 mL
- Red blood cells (2 units of 250 mL) from 2100–0215:
250 mL × 2 = 500 mL
- IV saline flushes:
0115: 20 mL
0400: 10 mL
Total = 30 mL
- Zosyn IV at 0300:
= 50 mL
- Continuous fluids:
Heparin: 10 mL/hr × 12 hr = 120 mL
Normal Saline: 100 mL/hr × 12 hr = 1,200 mL
Total = 1,320 mL
Total Intake Calculation:
- Jevity: 500 mL
- Water flush: 50 mL
- RBCs: 500 mL
- Saline flushes: 30 mL
- Zosyn: 50 mL
- Continuous fluids: 1,320 mL
Total intake = 500 + 50 + 500 + 30 + 50 + 1,320 = 2,450 mL
Final Answer: 2,450 mL intake from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Vitamin K:Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin overdose. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, and administering vitamin K reverses this effect by promoting the synthesis of clotting factors to control bleeding.
B. Magnesium sulfate:Magnesium sulfate is used to treat conditions such as torsades de pointes and eclampsia but has no role in reversing the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. It does not impact coagulation pathways or vitamin K levels.
C. Flumazenil:Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose. It acts by antagonizing the effects of drugs like diazepam and lorazepam but has no effect on warfarin or anticoagulation reversal.
D. Protamine sulfate:Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin overdose, not warfarin. It neutralizes heparin's anticoagulant properties but does not interact with vitamin K or affect warfarin action.
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