Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining disease management in the client with asthma?

An incentive spirometer

A nebulizer

An inhaler

A peak flow meter

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: An incentive spirometer is used primarily to encourage deep breathing and prevent atelectasis, especially postoperatively. It is not used to monitor asthma control or disease progression.

Choice B reason: A nebulizer delivers medication in aerosol form, useful during acute exacerbations or for young children. However, it does not measure lung function or help track disease control.

Choice C reason: An inhaler is a delivery device for asthma medications, such as bronchodilators or corticosteroids. While essential for treatment, it does not provide objective data on disease status.

Choice D reason: A peak flow meter measures the maximum speed of expiration and is a key tool in asthma self-management. It helps detect early signs of exacerbation, monitor response to treatment, and guide medication adjustments. It is the most helpful device for ongoing disease management.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: While lung development continues postnatally, significant maturation occurs in early childhood. Full alveolar development may continue into adolescence, but this statement is too broad and not the most relevant for acute care considerations.

Choice B reason: Fetal shunts such as the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale close after birth, but respiratory passages like the trachea and bronchi remain functional. This statement is misleading and anatomically incorrect.

Choice C reason: Newborns primarily use diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing due to immature intercostal muscles. Thoracic breathing becomes more prominent with age. This statement reverses the normal pattern.

Choice D reason: Children have narrower airways than adults, which increases resistance and risk of obstruction. This anatomical difference is critical in pediatric respiratory care, influencing assessment and intervention strategies.

A. 20 deciduous teeth B. 12 deciduous teeth C. 6 deciduous and 12 permanent teeth D. 16 deciduous and 2 permanent teeth

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: By age 2½ years, most toddlers have a full set of 20 deciduous (primary) teeth. These include incisors, canines, and molars. The eruption pattern typically begins around 6 months and completes by 30 months. This is the expected dental milestone for this age group.

Choice B reason: Having only 12 deciduous teeth at 2½ years may indicate delayed tooth eruption. While some variation exists, this number is below the expected range and would prompt monitoring or dental consultation.

Choice C reason: Permanent teeth do not begin to erupt until around age 6. A toddler should not have any permanent teeth at 2½ years. This choice is anatomically incorrect.

Choice D reason: The presence of permanent teeth at this age is abnormal. A toddler should have only deciduous teeth. This combination suggests either a misunderstanding or a developmental anomaly.

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Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining disease management in the client with asthma?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When caring for children with respiratory issues in relationship to the anatomy and physiology of the child’s respiratory system, it is important to recognize which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

When assessing the oral cavity of a 2½-year-old toddler, which finding is expected?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining disease management in the client with asthma?

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