Which symptom distinguishes major neurocognitive disorders from mild ones?

Slight disorientation in familiar places

Occasional forgetfulness

Difficulty with single tasks

Significant memory retrieval issues

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Slight disorientation in familiar places is more indicative of mild neurocognitive disorder. Individuals may occasionally get lost or confused but can generally navigate familiar environments with minimal assistance. This symptom alone does not signify a major impairment in independence.

B. Occasional forgetfulness is common in normal aging or mild neurocognitive disorder. Examples include misplacing items or forgetting appointments occasionally. These lapses are not severe enough to interfere with essential daily activities, distinguishing them from major neurocognitive disorder.

C. Difficulty with single tasks may appear in mild neurocognitive disorder when concentration, attention, or executive function is slightly impaired. While concerning, this symptom typically does not prevent the individual from completing everyday activities independently.

D. Significant memory retrieval issues are a hallmark of major neurocognitive disorder. Clients may experience frequent inability to recall important personal events, difficulty recognizing familiar people or places, and substantial challenges performing routine or complex daily tasks independently. These impairments interfere with work, self-care, and social functioning, which is the key criterion that differentiates major from mild neurocognitive disorders.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Asking the child to return to their room after yelling is a form of redirection and mild limit-setting. It does not involve physical restriction, forced medication, or seclusion. This intervention allows the child space to regain control while maintaining dignity and autonomy. Therefore, it represents the least restrictive alternative.

B. Administering clozapine (an antipsychotic medication) is a pharmacological intervention. Although medication may be appropriate for managing aggression, it is more restrictive than simple redirection because it alters the client’s mental state and may carry significant side effects. It is not the least restrictive option.

C. Placing an adolescent in a secure, quiet room is seclusion. Seclusion restricts the client’s freedom of movement and is considered more restrictive than verbal redirection or asking a client to leave a group setting. It is used when less restrictive measures have failed.

D. Physical restraints are the most restrictive intervention listed. They involve physically limiting a client’s movement and are used only when there is an immediate risk of harm to self or others and when all other less restrictive measures have been ineffective.

A. Encourage the client to decide Independently without providing any Information. B. Consult the healthcare provider to discuss alternative therapies such as counseling or behavioral techniques. C. Advise the client against using any medications during pregnancy. D. Educate the client about the potential adverse effects of untreated depression during pregnancy.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Encouraging the client to decide independently without providing information is unsafe and does not support informed decision-making. Clients need evidence-based guidance to weigh risks and benefits.

B. Consulting the healthcare provider about alternatives is appropriate, but the priority is first to educate the client about risks of untreated depression, as this information frames any subsequent discussion about therapy options.

C. Advising against all medications during pregnancy is overly restrictive and may put both the mother and fetus at risk if depression remains untreated. Some antidepressants can be used safely under medical supervision.

D. Educating the client about the potential adverse effects of untreated depression during pregnancy is the priority action. Untreated maternal depression can lead to poor prenatal care, preterm birth, low birth weight, impaired maternal-infant bonding, and worsening maternal mental health. By providing this information, the nurse helps the client engage in informed decision-making, weighing the risks of both treatment and non-treatment.

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Which symptom distinguishes major neurocognitive disorders from mild ones?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing treatment alternatives for managing a client's behavior. The nurse should identify that which of the following examples describes the least restrictive alternative?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A pregnant client diagnosed with depression expresses concern about pharmacological treatments due to the potential risks. What is the nurse's priority action when addressing her concerns?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for client who experienced abuse. The client says, "It was my fault. I made my partner upset." The nurse should identify that the client is demonstrating which of the following manifestations?

A nurse is preparing to interview a client and is reviewing therapeutic communication techniques. Which of the following should the nurse include in the interview to invite the client to clarify feelings?

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a comorbidity to this condition?

What is the primary concern for a nurse assessing a client with signs of physical abuse?

A nurse is caring for a client who presents to an outpatient treatment center seeking help for gambling. After performing an intake assessment, the nurse should identify which of the following statements by the client as a sign of a gambling addiction?

A nurse is assessing a postpartum client 3 weeks after delivery. The client reports feelings of guilt and incompetence as a parent along with a loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. What condition should the nurse consider?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a mental disorder. Which of the following statements by the client suggests the inability to process new information?

An adolescent diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is also found to be experimenting with alcohol and cigarettes. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize to prevent the escalation of substance abuse?