While assessing the mouth of a patient the nurse inspects and documents small, round, white painful lesions on the oral mucosa. Which finding is consistent with this manifestation?
Oral Candidiasis
Thrush
Hepatic Disease
Aphthous Ulcers
The Correct Answer is D
A) Oral Candidiasis: Oral candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection or thrush, typically presents as white patches or plaques on the mucosa, especially on the tongue, inner cheeks, and roof of the mouth. These lesions are not usually painful unless they become irritated or infected. They are different from aphthous ulcers, which are small, round, and painful sores that occur on the mucous membranes of the mouth.
B) Thrush: Thrush is another term for oral candidiasis, caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans. As with oral candidiasis, thrush typically presents as white lesions or patches rather than painful, round, white lesions like those seen in aphthous ulcers. These lesions can often be scraped off, which distinguishes them from the painful lesions associated with aphthous ulcers.
C) Hepatic Disease: Hepatic disease can cause various symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and abdominal discomfort, but it does not specifically lead to small, round, white painful lesions in the mouth. The lesions described in the question are more characteristic of aphthous ulcers rather than a systemic condition like hepatic disease.
D) Aphthous Ulcers: Aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small, round, painful lesions that commonly appear on the oral mucosa. These sores are typically white or yellow with a red border and are known to be painful, particularly when eating or talking. This condition is the most consistent with the symptoms described in the question, including the size, shape, and pain associated with the lesions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) At the base of the skull: The occipital lymph nodes are located at the base of the skull, just above the nape of the neck. The nurse should use a gentle circular motion to palpate the area where these lymph nodes are found. This is the correct location to assess for tenderness, swelling, or abnormalities in the occipital lymph nodes.
B) In front of the ears: The lymph nodes located in front of the ears are known as the preauricular lymph nodes. These are not the occipital lymph nodes. The preauricular nodes are assessed by palpating just in front of the ear, not at the base of the skull.
C) Under the mandible: The submandibular lymph nodes are located under the mandible (lower jaw). These nodes are not the occipital lymph nodes. The nurse would need to palpate under the jawline to assess the submandibular area.
D) Above the clavicles: The supraclavicular lymph nodes are located above the clavicles (collarbones), and they are not the occipital lymph nodes. This area is assessed separately to check for lymph node enlargement or abnormal findings.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Ptosis: Ptosis refers to the drooping of the upper eyelid, often caused by muscle weakness or nerve damage. It does not describe the condition of unequal pupil sizes, which is the issue in the question. Ptosis affects eyelid position, not the pupil size.
B) Strabismus: Strabismus refers to the misalignment of the eyes, where they do not look in the same direction. This condition can cause one eye to turn inward, outward, upward, or downward, but it does not relate to unequal pupil size. Strabismus is a misalignment issue rather than a size discrepancy of the pupils.
C) Exophthalmos: Exophthalmos refers to the protrusion of the eyeballs, which can occur in conditions like Graves' disease. It does not pertain to unequal pupil sizes, but rather to the positioning of the eyes themselves.
D) Anisocoria: Anisocoria is the term used to describe a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size. This condition can be physiological (normal for some individuals) or pathological, and it can result from various causes such as neurological issues, trauma, or certain medications. This is the appropriate term to document when noting unequal pupil sizes.
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