Which term describes the condition of being able to see objects at a distance more clear than objects near also known as farsightedness?

A) Subconjunctival hemorrhage: A subconjunctival hemorrhage occurs when small blood vessels in the conjunctiva (the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye) rupture, allowing blood to leak into the space between the conjunctiva and sclera. This results in a defined, bright red area on the sclera, and it can occur due to increased pressure within the eye, such as from coughing, sneezing, or straining. The condition is generally benign and resolves on its own, typically without pain or changes in vision.

B) Ptosis: Ptosis refers to drooping of the upper eyelid, often due to muscle weakness or nerve issues. This condition affects the eyelid position and does not cause a reddened area of the sclera or leakage of blood from vessels. Ptosis would not be associated with the findings described in the question.

C) Exophthalmos: Exophthalmos is the abnormal protrusion of the eyeball, often seen in thyroid eye disease or Graves' disease. While it affects the position of the eyes, it does not cause leakage of blood or redness in the sclera. This condition is more related to changes in the orbit or eye socket rather than bleeding from small blood vessels.

D) Astigmatism: Astigmatism is a refractive error caused by an irregular shape of the cornea or lens. It results in blurry or distorted vision but does not cause redness, bleeding, or changes to the sclera. This visual condition is unrelated to the physical changes described in the question.

A) Oral Candidiasis: Oral candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection or thrush, typically presents as white patches or plaques on the mucosa, especially on the tongue, inner cheeks, and roof of the mouth. These lesions are not usually painful unless they become irritated or infected. They are different from aphthous ulcers, which are small, round, and painful sores that occur on the mucous membranes of the mouth.

B) Thrush: Thrush is another term for oral candidiasis, caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans. As with oral candidiasis, thrush typically presents as white lesions or patches rather than painful, round, white lesions like those seen in aphthous ulcers. These lesions can often be scraped off, which distinguishes them from the painful lesions associated with aphthous ulcers.

C) Hepatic Disease: Hepatic disease can cause various symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and abdominal discomfort, but it does not specifically lead to small, round, white painful lesions in the mouth. The lesions described in the question are more characteristic of aphthous ulcers rather than a systemic condition like hepatic disease.
D) Aphthous Ulcers: Aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small, round, painful lesions that commonly appear on the oral mucosa. These sores are typically white or yellow with a red border and are known to be painful, particularly when eating or talking. This condition is the most consistent with the symptoms described in the question, including the size, shape, and pain associated with the lesions.