Which term describes the condition of being able to see objects at a distance more clear than objects near also known as farsightedness?

A) Hyperopia: Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is a refractive error where distant objects can be seen clearly, but close objects appear blurry. This condition occurs when the eyeball is too short or the cornea has too little curvature, causing light entering the eye to focus behind the retina. People with hyperopia often experience difficulty reading or seeing objects up close but can see distant objects more clearly.

B) Myopia: Myopia, or nearsightedness, is the opposite of hyperopia. It is a refractive error where nearby objects are seen clearly, but distant objects appear blurry. This occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea has too much curvature, causing light to focus in front of the retina. Myopia affects distance vision, not close vision.

C) Mydriasis: Mydriasis refers to the dilation of the pupils, which can occur as a result of various factors, including certain medications, lighting conditions, or neurological issues. It is not related to the refractive errors such as farsightedness or nearsightedness and does not describe a condition involving clarity of vision at different distances.

D) Miosis: Miosis is the opposite of mydriasis and refers to the constriction of the pupils. It typically occurs in response to bright light or certain medications. Like mydriasis, miosis is not related to refractive errors or the clarity of vision at different distances, and does not describe farsightedness.

A) Glossitis: Glossitis refers to inflammation of the tongue, which can lead to redness, swelling, and sometimes a smooth appearance. It does not typically cause whitish thickening or growths in the mouth that cannot be scraped off. Glossitis is more related to the tongue's surface rather than abnormal growths or lesions.

B) Tonsillitis: Tonsillitis is an infection or inflammation of the tonsils, typically caused by viral or bacterial infections. It results in sore throat, swelling of the tonsils, and sometimes white patches. However, tonsillitis does not cause whitish thickening or growths on the oral mucosa that cannot be scraped off, making it an unlikely diagnosis here.

C) Herpes simplex: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections can cause oral lesions, such as cold sores or blisters. These lesions are usually painful, fluid-filled, and can be scraped off. They do not cause thick, white, non-scrapable growths like leukoplakia does.

D) Leukoplakia: Leukoplakia refers to the development of thick, white patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth, which cannot be scraped off. It is often associated with conditions like HIV, smoking, and chronic irritation. The presence of leukoplakia in an HIV-positive patient is concerning because it can be precancerous. This is the correct term for the finding described in the question.