You have inherited some old glass baby milk bottles from your grandmother and you would like to use them instead of plastic bottles. The bottles are placed into a large metal container and placed in the oven, at 325 degrees F for about 2 hours. What factor would you change if you wanted the sterilization to occur much quicker?
Use a pressure cooker to sterilize the bottles, in steam.
Increase the temperature of the oven by 5 degrees.
Pour an antimicrobial chemical into the bottles before placing into the oven.
Place the bottles outside in the sunlight and then place in the oven.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Use a pressure cooker to sterilize the bottles, in steam: Steam under pressure (autoclaving or a pressure cooker) achieves high temperatures (e.g., 121 °C / 250 °F) with moist heat that inactivates microbes and spores much faster than dry heat ovens; switching to steam under pressure will greatly shorten sterilization time.
B. Increase the temperature of the oven by 5 degrees: A 5 °F increase is negligible relative to the large temperature and time changes required for faster sterilization and would not meaningfully speed up the process.
C. Pour an antimicrobial chemical into the bottles before placing into the oven: Adding chemicals may leave residues that are unsafe for baby feeding and would not substitute for validated sterilization; it also may not speed thermal sterilization.
D. Place the bottles outside in the sunlight and then place in the oven: Sunlight has limited disinfection ability (UV exposure) and will not meaningfully reduce the time required for oven sterilization; this step would not reliably speed the process.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Antiseptic: Antiseptics are chemical agents suitable for application to living tissue to reduce microbial load on skin and mucous membranes before invasive procedures.
B. Disinfectant: Disinfectants are intended for inanimate surfaces and are often too harsh or toxic for direct use on patient skin.
C. Surfactant: Surfactants (detergents) help remove soils and some microbes but are not the primary agents used to achieve surgical skin antisepsis.
D. Antibiotic: Systemic or topical antibiotics treat or prevent infection but are not the standard topical agent used to prepare skin immediately before surgery.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Psychrophiles: Psychrophiles grow best at very low temperatures (near 0–15°C) and are adapted to cold environments such as polar regions; they are not typically associated with infections in warm-blooded humans.
B. Thermophiles: Thermophiles prefer high temperatures (usually >45°C) and are commonly found in hot springs and geothermal sites; their temperature optimum is above human body temperature, so they rarely cause human infections.
C. Halophiles: Halophiles require or tolerate very high salt concentrations and are found in hypersaline environments (e.g., salt lakes); they are not commonly associated with human disease.
D. Mesophiles: Mesophiles grow best at moderate temperatures, typically between about 20–45°C, which overlaps human body temperature (≈37°C), making them the group most frequently associated with human infections.
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