How it Works
Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14-day Free-Trial)

Gastroenteritis


- Gastroenteritis is a self-limiting inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

- It is also known as intestinal flu, traveler’s diarrhea, viral enteritis, and food poisoning.

- It is caused by various infectious or inflammatory processes in the intestine that affect the enterocyte secretory and absorptive functions.

- It is characterized by diarrhea (>3 stool episodes in 24 hours) with or without vomiting.

- It can be classified as invasive or inflammatory, or secretory, depending on the pathogenesis.

- It can be associated with fever, abdominal pain, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and malnutrition.

- It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children around the world.

- It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route or ingestion of contaminated food or water.

- t can be prevented by proper hygiene, sanitation, vaccination, and food safety practices.

Questions on Gastroenteritis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Topical agents cannot provide a permanent cure for genital herpes, as the virus resides in nerve cells and cannot be entirely eradicated by topical treatments.

Correct Answer is E

Explanation

Contact with infected blood or bodily fluids is the correct answer. Hepatitis B is most commonly transmitted through direct contact with infected blood, as well as other bodily fluids such as semen and vaginal secretions. This mode of transmission is especially relevant in situations such as unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth.

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

Condoms should be used during every sexual encounter for maximum protection. Consistency in condom use is crucial to reduce the risk of STIs, including HIV.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance are common complications of gastroenteritis due to the loss of fluids through vomiting and diarrhea. However, they are not the primary characteristic feature of the condition.

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

Proper food safety practices are important, but the question asks for a preventive measure specifically related to gastroenteritis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Intestinal inflammation is a possibility, but it doesn't address the contagious nature of the symptoms.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a parasite usually linked to contaminated fruits and vegetables, not poultry.

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

Fever and chills can occur in cases of gastroenteritis, especially if it's caused by a bacterial infection. Inflammation and immune response triggered by the infection can lead to fever and associated symptoms.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Enteric adenoviruses can cause gastroenteritis, but rotavirus is generally more widespread among young children, especially in the winter.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Avoiding vaccinations is not a recommended practice. Vaccination against certain pathogens, like rotavirus, can significantly reduce the risk of gastroenteritis and its associated complications.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Skin turgor reflects the degree of dehydration. Poor skin turgor may indicate significant fluid loss.

Proper disposal of fecal matter helps prevent the contamination of water sources and food, reducing the risk of gastroenteritis transmission.

While it is true that diarrhea is a common symptom of gastroenteritis and usually resolves on its own, it is important to address the potential risks of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances that can occur, especially in children.

Gastroenteritis commonly leads to a reduced appetite due to nausea, vomiting, and stomach discomfort. Assuring the client that a decreased appetite is normal and emphasizing the importance of fluid intake through ORT is appropriate.

Stool culture and microscopy are crucial for identifying bacterial, viral, or parasitic pathogens responsible for gastroenteritis. It helps determine the specific organism causing the illness and guides appropriate treatment.

Presence of cough and sore throat is not directly related to gastroenteritis, which primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. These symptoms are more characteristic of respiratory infections.

Administering 40-60 ml/kg for mild dehydration may not provide enough fluids to adequately address dehydration, especially if the client's condition worsens.

Using the same cup as a friend to drink can lead to the spread of infections through direct contact with contaminated surfaces. It is advisable to use separate utensils and containers to prevent transmission.

Dry mucous membranes and sunken eyes are classic signs of dehydration. When fluid intake is insufficient, the body conserves water by reducing saliva and other secretions, resulting in dry mucous membranes. Sunken eyes can occur due to decreased fluid volume and loss of tissue turgor.

Urinalysis is not the most appropriate test for identifying the causative agent of gastroenteritis. It is used to assess kidney function and detect urinary tract infections. Vulvovaginitis. .

<p>While E. coli can cause gastroenteritis, it usually produces Shiga toxins that lead to bloody diarrhea (as seen in E. coli O157:H7), or it may cause inflammation and not typically result in watery diarrhea. C. difficile is known for causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis, but it&#39;s
Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN
(14 Day Free-Trial)

Search Here

Related Topics

More on Nursing

Free Nursing Study Materials

Access to all study guides and practice questions for nursing for free.

  • Free Nursing Study Trials
  • Free Nursing Video tutorials
  • Free Nursing Practice Tests
  • Free Exam and Study Modes
  • Free Nursing Revision Quizlets
Join Us Today