A study found two processes. Process A and Process B, are to be correlated.

Which of the following is true for these processes?

The kidneys are the primary organs involved in the excretion of nitrogenous wastes. Nitrogenous wastes are mostly products of protein metabolism in the liver. One of the common nitrogenous waste products is urea, which is excreted through the kidneys.

The endocardium lines the interior structures of the heart. It is a thin, innermost layer of the heart wall that lines the heart chambers and valves. It is composed of subendocardial connective tissue and endothelial cells that are continuous with blood vessel endothelium.

Rationale

Chromatin refers to a complex of DNA and proteins in human cells. This material is packaged by histones to make up the chromosomes. The chromosomes then contain genetic information that is heritable.

The complementary strand of DNA is formed by pairing complementary bases. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Additionally, RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine.

Given the sequence 5' AGCTAGCGT 3', the complementary strand would read:

3' TCGATCGCA 5'

Cardiac muscles have intercalated discs that enable them to contract in a coordinated manner. Skeletal muscles do not have intercalated discs, as their contraction is under voluntary control and does not require the same level of synchronization seen in the involuntary contraction of cardiac muscle.

Correlation does not imply causation. Even if two processes are found to be correlated, it does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. It could be that they are both influenced by a third factor, or the correlation could be coincidental. Therefore, the study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes.

Concentration of H+ in the solution = 10 −1 M

pH= -log(10 −1)

pH= -(-1)

=1

Crushing a solid reactant into powder increases the surface area of the reactant, thereby increasing chemical reaction. This is because more of the reacting molecules or ions are exposed to the other reactant, which increases the chance of particles colliding and leads to more successful collisions per second.