If A represents atomic mass and Z represents atomic number, which of the following describes an atom after a proton is emitted from its nucleus?

The correct answer is C. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down complex food molecules, including proteins, into simpler components such as amino acids that can be absorbed and utilized by the body.

The correct answer is D. Water's high specific heat capacity allows it to absorb and store large amounts of heat energy without a significant increase in temperature. Coastal areas, being near large bodies of water, experience less dramatic temperature changes because the water helps moderate temperature fluctuations by absorbing and releasing heat slowly.

When a proton is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, the atomic number (Z) decreases by 1 because a proton has a positive charge, and it's effectively removing one positive charge from the nucleus. However, the atomic mass (A) remains the same because protons and neutrons contribute to the atomic mass, and the emission of a proton does not affect the number of neutrons.

The correct answer is choice B. This is the plate that represents the highest number of bacteria. The bacteria that grow on this plate are the most resistant to the antibiotic because they can survive in a high concentration of the substance. In the other plates, the antibiotic inhibits the growth of the bacteria to a greater or lesser extent, depending on their sensitivity.

The correct answer is A. Browning of an apple is often caused by enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase. Lemon juice has a low pH, creating an acidic environment that inhibits the activity of these enzymes and prevents browning.

The correct answer is C. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by the rapid buildup of skin cells, and it is considered a noninfectious disease. Chikungunya, dengue, and brucellosis are infectious diseases caused by specific pathogens.

The correct answer is C. The complementary strand of DNA will have bases that pair with the original strand according to the base-pairing rules. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Therefore, the complementary strand reads 3’ TCGATCGCA5’.

The correct answer is B. Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, where the sperm can meet and fertilize the egg. The fertilized egg then travels to the uterus for implantation and development.

The correct answer is D. The hip joint allows for a wide range of motion and is characterized by a ball-and-socket structure, where the rounded head of the femur fits into the cup-like socket of the acetabulum in the pelvis. This type of joint permits movement in multiple directions.

The correct answer is B. When a volcano erupts, it releases built-up pressure and gases, similar to the fizzing of a can of soda when opened. Both involve the release of pressure and trapped substances, leading to an outward expulsion of materials.