Which of the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day than more inland areas?

The correct answer is D. The scientific purpose would be to analyze the factors that led to the failure of the 1924 expedition, providing insights into mountaineering challenges and safety considerations, rather than demonstrating modern technology or exploring new routes.

The hip bone (or pelvis) in adults is formed by the fusion of three separate bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. This fusion occurs during adolescence and results in a single, solid structure.

The correct answer is B. Gray matter in the brain primarily consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. It is involved in information processing and integration.

The correct answer is A. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream without ducts, while exocrine glands have ducts through which their secretions are transported to specific locations. This fundamental difference in the mode of secretion distinguishes endocrine from exocrine glands.

The experiment involves dissolving different substances in water and observing how these solutions cool. The primary variable being tested is how the type of solute (salt, sugar, baking soda) affects the cooling rate, rather than solubility or volume effects.

When a proton is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, the atomic number (Z) decreases by 1 because a proton has a positive charge, and it's effectively removing one positive charge from the nucleus. However, the atomic mass (A) remains the same because protons and neutrons contribute to the atomic mass, and the emission of a proton does not affect the number of neutrons.

The correct answer is A. This option describes a chemical reaction known as the reaction of water with sodium, producing hydrogen gas. Chemical reactions involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, and in this case, sodium reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide.

The correct answer is C. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing enzymes that break down cellular waste, debris, and foreign materials through intracellular digestion.

The correct answer is C. A spectrophotometer measures the amount of light absorbed or transmitted by a substance in a liquid. Turbidity, caused by suspended particles, can be assessed by measuring the reduction in light transmission through the sample. The other tools listed are not specifically designed for measuring turbidity.

The correct answer is B. Objects A and B have the same mass, but B falls faster because it has less air resistance. Objects C and D have different masses, but C falls faster because it has a higher mass-to-surface-area ratio, which reduces the effect of air resistance.