Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?

The digestive system breaks down complex food substances into small and less complex absorbable compounds. Proteins, for instance, are broken down to constituent amino acids through a digestion process that combines mastication and enzymatic breakdown.

This means that a hypothesis is considered valid until it is disproved by experimental evidence. However, even if a hypothesis has not been falsified, it is still considered provisional and subject to further testing and scrutiny.

Biological macromolecules are large organic molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. They are built from smaller molecules, which are linked commonly by covalent bonds, and these can be broken down.

This is the plate with the most growth despite the presence of antibiotic cover.

Uracil is the nucleotide that is only found in RNA. The other nucleotides are found in both DNA and RNA

A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein or polypeptide.

The hip joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint. The hip joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the femur with the acetabulum of the pelvis. The rounded head of the femur (ball) fits into the cup-shaped acetabulum (socket), allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple planes.

The parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid glands is important in serum calcium regulation. It increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone and release calcium into the bloodstream. PTH also enhances the absorption of calcium from the intestines and the kidneys.

Cardiac muscles have intercalated discs that enable them to contract in a coordinated manner. Skeletal muscles do not have intercalated discs, as their contraction is under voluntary control and does not require the same level of synchronization seen in the involuntary contraction of cardiac muscle.

From the heart, blood flows through major arteries, which then branch to give rise to arterioles, which then divide into capillaries that deliver blood to the target organ.