Which of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?

Independent assortment occurs during metaphase I when homologous chromosome pairs line up randomly at the cell’s equator. This randomness contributes to genetic variation because the distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes is different each time meiosis occurs.

The correct answer is B. Gray matter in the brain primarily consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. It is involved in information processing and integration.

The correct answer is C. Chlorine molecule (Cl2) has only one covalent bond between the two chlorine atoms, which share one pair of electrons. The other molecules have more covalent bonds: water has two, methane has four, and ammonia has three.

The correct answer is B. Uracil is a nitrogenous base found in RNA, replacing thymine which is found in DNA. Adenine, guanine, and cytosine are common to both RNA and DNA.

The correct answer is C. Helper T-cells play a crucial role in the immune system by coordinating and stimulating other immune cells, including cytotoxic T-cells, to attack and destroy foreign agents.

The correct answer is D. Cardiac muscles contain intercalated discs, whereas skeletal muscles do not. Intercalated discs are unique features of cardiac muscle cells, providing a structural and functional connection between adjacent cells. Skeletal muscles lack intercalated discs.

The correct answer is B. Emphysema is a disease that primarily affects the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. The destruction of alveoli walls in emphysema reduces the surface area available for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

The correct answer is C. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down complex food molecules, including proteins, into simpler components such as amino acids that can be absorbed and utilized by the body.

The correct answer is C. The complementary strand of DNA will have bases that pair with the original strand according to the base-pairing rules. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Therefore, the complementary strand reads 3’ TCGATCGCA5’.

The correct answer is B. The phenotypic ratio of 50% green pods and 50% yellow pods indicates that the genotype of the parent with green pods is heterozygous (Gg), and the genotype of the parent with yellow pods is homozygous recessive (gg). The cross would be Gg x gg.