A 10-month-old patient presents to the nurse practitioner for treatment of mild bronchiolitis. Initial treatment should include:
an inhaled bronchodilator.
an over-the-counter antihistamine.
a cough suppressant.
supportive care.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Inhaled bronchodilators have limited efficacy in mild bronchiolitis and are not routinely recommended for initial treatment.
B. Over-the-counter antihistamines are not effective for bronchiolitis in infants.
C. Cough suppressants are not recommended in infants due to potential side effects and lack of proven benefit.
D. Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment for mild bronchiolitis, including ensuring adequate hydration, monitoring oxygenation, and providing comfort measures. Most cases are self-limited and resolve without pharmacologic intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. EPSDT is not limited to underinsured children; it is a Medicaid benefit.
B. While states administer EPSDT, it is not solely a state regulation; federal guidelines govern its implementation.
C. The federal government sets standards, but the program is administered at the state level through Medicaid.
D. EPSDT is the child health component of Medicaid that ensures children younger than 21 years old receive comprehensive and preventive healthcare services, including screening, diagnostic, and treatment services to address physical and mental health needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A micropenis and jitterness are more characteristic of congenital hypopituitarism or other endocrine disorders, not primary congenital hypothyroidism.
B. Vomiting, lethargy, and poor feeding are nonspecific and could indicate many neonatal conditions but do not specifically point to congenital hypothyroidism.
C. Decreased activity, a large anterior fontanel, and poor feeding are classic signs of congenital hypothyroidism. Infants may also present with hypotonia, prolonged jaundice, constipation, and a hoarse cry. Early detection is critical to prevent growth retardation and intellectual disability.
D. Rapid heart rate, irritability, and frequent stools are more suggestive of hyperthyroidism or other metabolic conditions, not hypothyroidism.
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