A 15-year-old boy is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The nurse practitioner is educating both he and his mother about the disease. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
"This disease may be linked to autoimmunity."
"The age of onset is usually prior to age 20."
"In this disease, the beta islet cells of the pancreas are destroyed."
"Metformin is the first-line medication for treatment."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: T1DM is autoimmune in origin, where immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells leads to insulin deficiency.
Choice B reason: T1DM often manifests in childhood or adolescence, consistent with onset prior to age 20.
Choice C reason: Destruction of pancreatic beta cells results in lack of insulin production, explaining hyperglycemia in T1DM.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. First-line treatment for T1DM is insulin therapy, not metformin, which is used for type 2 diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This response is vague and lacks educational value. It does not explain the purpose of the Holter monitor or the clinical reasoning behind its use.
Choice B reason: While accurate, this response is overly formal and may be difficult for a patient to understand. It focuses on guidelines rather than the patient’s specific situation and diagnostic needs.
Choice C reason: This response provides a clear, patient-centered explanation. It informs the patient that a standard ECG was inconclusive, and the Holter monitor is necessary to obtain continuous data to accurately diagnose atrial fibrillation, helping the patient understand the rationale and importance.
Choice D reason: This statement is dismissive and minimizes the patient’s concern. It does not explain the clinical purpose of the test and could lead to misunderstanding or anxiety.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Historically, testing focused on the birth cohort of 1945–1965 because of higher prevalence, but updated guidelines now recommend universal screening for all adults.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because age alone should not exclude HCV testing. Older adults may still have undiagnosed HCV, and screening can identify infections for treatment.
Choice C reason: This is correct. Current recommendations advise that all adults aged 18 and older should receive at least one lifetime HCV screening, regardless of risk factors, to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.
Choice D reason: Testing on a case-by-case basis may have been applied before universal screening guidelines but is no longer the primary recommendation.
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