A 2-year-old boy presents to the nurse practitioner with new onset seizures and a history of a port-wine stain at birth. Which of the following is not a clinical feature of Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS)?
Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare disorder affecting the skin and nervous system
Symptoms of SWS may include seizures, muscle weakness, and developmental and intellectual disability
Treatment may include anti-seizure medications, medications and/or surgery for glaucoma, and low-dose aspirin to reduce the pressure in the eyes and brain
The prognosis for SWS is usually poor, with an average lifespan of 30 years
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: SWS is indeed a rare neurocutaneous disorder affecting the skin (port-wine stains) and central nervous system, making this a true clinical feature.
Choice B reason: Neurologic manifestations, including seizures, hemiparesis, and intellectual disability, are characteristic features of SWS.
Choice C reason: Management often involves anticonvulsants, glaucoma treatment, and sometimes low-dose aspirin to reduce vascular complications, confirming these are accurate features.
Choice D reason: The prognosis of SWS varies widely; many patients live well into adulthood, making the statement of an average lifespan of 30 years inaccurate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Shenjing Shuairuo is a culture-bound syndrome in Chinese populations characterized by fatigue, somatic complaints, sleep disturbances, and difficulty concentrating in response to stress, which aligns with this patient’s presentation.
Choice B reason: Susto is a Latin American syndrome associated with fright or trauma causing soul loss, often accompanied by somatic symptoms, which is not culturally consistent with this patient.
Choice C reason: Kufungisisa is a Zimbabwean culture-bound syndrome involving excessive thinking leading to somatic complaints, which does not align with the patient’s cultural background.
Choice D reason: Khayal is a Southeast Asian culture-bound syndrome linked to anxiety and somatic symptoms, but it is not typical in Chinese populations.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Mild anxiety is characterized by tension or nervousness that is noticeable but does not significantly impair daily functioning. A HAM-A score of 20 exceeds the typical cutoff for mild anxiety, suggesting more pronounced symptom severity.
Choice B reason: Minimal anxiety refers to very low levels of anxious symptoms, often with minimal physiological or cognitive impact. A score of 20 indicates a higher level of distress than would be considered minimal.
Choice C reason: Moderate anxiety includes more obvious psychological and physical symptoms that interfere somewhat with daily life. A HAM-A score of 20 falls within this range, indicating the patient has significant but not severe anxiety.
Choice D reason: Severe anxiety involves intense distress and impairment in daily functioning. A HAM-A score of 20 is below the threshold for severe anxiety, which typically starts at higher scores.
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