A 40-year-old man with no medical issues and a BMI of 18 has not seen a primary care provider since he was 17. He has not had any type of immunizations, screenings, or preventive care. Which of the following is the most appropriate theory to explain his behavior?
Self-efficacy theory
Health belief model
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Transtheoretical model of change
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Self-efficacy theory focuses on an individual’s belief in their ability to perform specific behaviors. It does not explain why someone avoids preventive care due to perceived risks or benefits.
Choice B reason: The Health Belief Model explains health behaviors based on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. It is the most appropriate framework for understanding why someone might avoid preventive care due to low perceived risk or high perceived barriers.
Choice C reason: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory that prioritizes physiological and safety needs before higher-level psychological needs. While it may indirectly influence health behavior, it does not specifically address preventive care decisions.
Choice D reason: The Transtheoretical Model of Change describes stages of behavior change (e.g., precontemplation, contemplation). It is useful for guiding interventions but does not explain the underlying beliefs driving avoidance of care.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Automatically assuming abuse based on masturbation in a 4-year-old is inappropriate and may cause unnecessary alarm. While sexual behavior can be a red flag, it must be assessed in context. This response lacks clinical judgment and violates trauma-informed principles.
Choice B reason: While evaluation is important if abuse is suspected, suggesting it is “possible” without further context may reinforce fear unnecessarily. This response is cautious but not the most appropriate initial reassurance.
Choice C reason: Masturbation in young children is often a normal part of development. At age 4, exploratory behavior is common and not necessarily indicative of abuse. This response provides reassurance while remaining clinically accurate.
Choice D reason: This question may feel accusatory and lacks sensitivity. It could damage rapport and does not reflect a trauma-informed or developmentally appropriate approach.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Jean Watson is known for the Theory of Human Caring, which emphasizes the spiritual and emotional dimensions of nursing care, not interpersonal relationships.
Choice B reason: Dorothy Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, which focuses on the individual's ability to care for themselves and the nurse's role in supporting that capacity.
Choice C reason: Madeline Leininger is recognized for her Transcultural Nursing Theory, which integrates cultural understanding into nursing practice.
Choice D reason: Hildegard Peplau is the founder of the Theory of Interpersonal Relationships in nursing. Her model emphasizes the therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient as central to psychiatric nursing and includes phases such as orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution.
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