A 73-year-old male patient is in the clinic for a yearly physical and is asking for a prescription for sildenafil. He has listed on his health history that he is taking a nitrate for angina. The nurse is aware that which problem may occur if sildenafil is taken with a nitrate?
Reduced effectiveness of the sildenafil
Significant increase in pulse rate
Increased risk of bleeding
Significant decrease in blood pressure
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not affect each other's effectiveness, but rather their side effects. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that enhances the effect of nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation and increases blood flow to the penis. Nitrates are vasodilators that also increase nitric oxide levels and reduce the workload of the heart.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not cause a significant increase in pulse rate, but rather a decrease. This is because the vasodilation caused by both drugs lowers the blood pressure and the cardiac output, which reduces the heart rate.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not increase the risk of bleeding, unless they are combined with other drugs that affect the blood clotting process, such as anticoagulants or antiplatelets.
Choice D reason: This is correct because sildenafil and nitrates can cause a significant decrease in blood pressure when taken together, as they both cause vasodilation and increase nitric oxide levels. This can lead to hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or even a heart attack or stroke. The patient should avoid taking sildenafil and nitrates within 24 hours of each other.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid live vaccines while taking prednisone, as it can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infection.
Choice B reason: This is correct because prednisone can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and bananas are a good source of potassium. The client should monitor their potassium levels and eat foods rich in potassium while taking prednisone.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin while taking prednisone, as they can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because a sore throat is not a common side effect of prednisone. However, the client should report any signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, or cough, to the provider, as prednisone can mask the symptoms of infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because constipation is not a common or serious adverse effect of antihistamines. However, the patient should increase their fluid and fiber intake and exercise regularly to prevent constipation.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because abdominal cramps are not a common or serious adverse effect of antihistamines. However, the patient should avoid spicy or fatty foods and take the antihistamine with food or milk to prevent stomach irritation.
Choice C reason: This is correct because drowsiness is one of the most common and bothersome adverse effects of antihistamines. The patient should avoid driving or operating machinery if they experience drowsiness and take the antihistamine at bedtime.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because decreased libido is not a common or serious adverse effect of antihistamines. However, the patient should inform their provider if they experience any sexual dysfunction or mood changes while taking the antihistamine.
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