A 9-month-old infant is diagnosed with Candida albicans infection in the diaper area. The nurse practitioner appropriately prescribes:
topical aqueous gentian violet 1% applied three times a day for 5 days.
dose-appropriate oral fluconazole (Diflucan) for 7 days.
topical clotrimazole applied 3 times a day for 7 days.
topical hydrocortisone cream 1% applied three times a day for 10 days.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Gentian violet can be used for fungal infections but is less preferred due to staining and potential irritation, especially in infants.
B. Oral fluconazole is generally reserved for severe or widespread Candida infections, or when topical therapy fails; it is not first-line for uncomplicated diaper-area candidiasis.
C. Topical clotrimazole, applied three times daily for 7 days, is the treatment of choice for localized Candida albicans infections in the diaper area. It is effective, safe, and well-tolerated in infants.
D. Topical hydrocortisone may reduce inflammation but does not treat the underlying fungal infection and may worsen Candida overgrowth if used alone.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Increased neutrophils indicate neutrophilia but do not specifically define a “shift to the left.”
B. Decreased lymphocytes suggest viral infection or immunosuppression, not a left shift.
C. A shift to the left refers to an increased number of band neutrophils (immature neutrophils) in the peripheral blood, typically seen during acute bacterial infections as the bone marrow releases immature cells to meet increased demand.
D. Presence of eosinophils is usually associated with allergic reactions or parasitic infections and is unrelated to a left shift.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Mongolian spots are usually blue-gray, congenital, and most often found on the sacral or buttock area in newborns; they are not light-brown with smooth edges.
B. Erythema toxicum presents as red, blotchy macules or papules with a yellow-white center and typically appears in the first few days of life; they are not light-brown pigmented lesions.
C. Café-au-lait spots are light-brown, smooth-edged, round or oval macules that can vary in size but are usually under 2 cm in younger children. Multiple café-au-lait spots can be associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 if six or more are present.
D. Congenital ichthyosis manifests as generalized scaling or thickened skin, not as discrete pigmented macules.
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