An infant with a stridorous cry, a positive Chvostek sign, tremulousness and vomiting may require evaluation for:
hypocalcemia.
gastroesophageal reflux.
whooping cough.
rickets.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Hypocalcemia in infants can present with neuromuscular irritability, which includes a stridorous or high-pitched cry, positive Chvostek sign (facial muscle twitching when the facial nerve is tapped), tremors, and vomiting. Early recognition and treatment are critical to prevent seizures or cardiac complications.
B. Gastroesophageal reflux may cause vomiting and irritability but does not produce Chvostek sign or tremulousness.
C. Whooping cough presents with paroxysmal coughing and inspiratory “whoop”, but stridor and Chvostek sign are not features.
D. Rickets is associated with bone deformities, delayed growth, and hypocalcemia over time, but the acute neuromuscular signs seen here suggest immediate evaluation for hypocalcemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Headaches and breast tenderness are more commonly associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) rather than dysmenorrhea.
B. Nausea, vomiting, and back pain are classic findings of dysmenorrhea, which is painful menstruation often caused by increased prostaglandin production leading to uterine contractions and associated systemic symptoms.
C. Urinary frequency and burning suggest a urinary tract infection rather than menstrual pain.
D. Vaginal dryness and pruritus are signs of irritation or hormonal changes, not dysmenorrhea.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cephalexin (Keflex) is a first-generation cephalosporin commonly used as a first-line oral treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in children. A 7–10 day course is effective for eradicating infection while being well-tolerated.
B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is generally avoided in children due to potential adverse effects on cartilage and is reserved for complicated or resistant infections.
C. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM is typically reserved for severe infections, hospitalized patients, or when oral therapy is not feasible. It is not first-line for uncomplicated UTIs in outpatient children.
D. Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) is effective for lower urinary tract infections but is usually avoided in children under 1 month and is less preferred in some cases for first-time infections due to limited tissue penetration.
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