A client has been diagnosed with delayed gastric emptying. The nurse knows that which drug would best treat this condition?
Prokinetic drugs, such as metoclopramide (Reglan)
Serotonin blockers, such as ondansetron (Zofran).
Anticholinergic drugs, such as scopolamine.
Neuroleptic drugs, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine).
The Correct Answer is A
A. Prokinetic drugs, such as metoclopramide (Reglan).: Metoclopramide enhances gastric motility by increasing acetylcholine activity in the gastrointestinal tract, which accelerates gastric emptying and reduces nausea. It is the drug of choice for delayed gastric emptying (gastroparesis).
B. Serotonin blockers, such as ondansetron (Zofran).: Ondansetron works by blocking serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone to prevent nausea and vomiting. It does not stimulate gastric motility or correct delayed gastric emptying.
C. Anticholinergic drugs, such as scopolamine.: Anticholinergics inhibit parasympathetic stimulation, which decreases gastrointestinal motility and secretions. They would worsen delayed gastric emptying by further slowing peristalsis.
D. Neuroleptic drugs, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine).: Chlorpromazine acts on dopamine receptors to reduce nausea and vomiting but has significant sedative and extrapyramidal effects. It does not promote gastric motility.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A client with acute, non-infectious diarrhea.: Loperamide is safe and effective for treating acute, non-infectious diarrhea by slowing intestinal motility. It allows increased absorption of water and electrolytes, helping to reduce stool frequency and improve consistency.
B. A client with traveler’s diarrhea.: Loperamide can be used short-term in traveler’s diarrhea when symptoms are not caused by invasive bacteria. It provides symptomatic relief by decreasing bowel movements while the underlying infection is being treated.
C. A client with an E. coli infection.: Loperamide should be avoided in clients with infectious diarrhea caused by organisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, or Shigella. Slowing intestinal motility can trap bacteria and toxins in the gut, worsening the infection and increasing the risk of toxic megacolon.
D. A client who has hyperactive bowel sounds.: Hyperactive bowel sounds alone are not a contraindication to loperamide use. They are expected with diarrhea and may actually improve as the medication reduces peristaltic activity and stool frequency.
Correct Answer is ["25"]
Explanation
Convert the ordered dose from grams (g) to milligrams (mg).
Ordered dose: 1 g
Conversion factor: 1 g = 1000 mg
Ordered dose (mg) = 1g × 1000mg/g
= 1000mg.
Available concentration = 200 mg per 5 mL.
Calculate the volume to administer in milliliters (mL).
Volume (mL) = Desired Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)
Find the concentration in mg/mL: 200mg/5mL
= 40mg/mL.
Volume (mL) = 1000mg/(40mg/mL)
= 25mL.
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