A client has had a cast placed for the treatment of a humeral fracture. The nurse's most recent assessment shows signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Arrange for a STAT assessment of the client's serum calcium levels.

Perform active range of motion exercises.

Assess the client's joint function symmetrically.

Contact the primary provider immediately.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Arrange for a STAT assessment of the client's serum calcium levels: Serum calcium levels are not directly related to compartment syndrome. The condition results from increased pressure within a muscle compartment, not disturbances in calcium metabolism, so this action would not be appropriate or time-sensitive.

B. Perform active range of motion exercises: Encouraging movement in a limb with potential compartment syndrome could worsen pain and damage. The affected area should be immobilized and elevated until the provider evaluates the condition, not exercised.

C. Assess the client's joint function symmetrically: While comparing limbs is helpful in early assessment, once signs of compartment syndrome are present, delaying action for further assessment is inappropriate. Prompt intervention is critical to prevent permanent nerve and muscle damage.

D. Contact the primary provider immediately: Compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency. Immediate notification of the provider is required so that pressure-relieving interventions such as a fasciotomy or cast removal can be performed without delay.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Systemic infection: Systemic infection is more commonly a later complication related to surgery or open fractures. While infection risk exists, it is not typically an immediate early complication in a client in traction before surgery unless there is an open wound or invasive devices.

B. Complex regional pain syndrome: This syndrome usually develops weeks to months after injury and is characterized by chronic pain, swelling, and skin changes. It is not considered an early complication in the acute phase following a femur fracture.

C. Deep vein thrombosis: Immobilization from the fracture and traction increases the risk of venous stasis, promoting formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Early monitoring is crucial to prevent potentially life-threatening pulmonary embolism.

D. Compartment syndrome: Compartment syndrome can develop early after a fracture due to increased pressure within muscle compartments, leading to ischemia. It is a medical emergency requiring prompt recognition and treatment.

E. Fat embolism: Fat embolism syndrome is a serious early complication following long bone fractures like the femur. Fat globules released into the bloodstream can cause respiratory distress and neurological symptoms, often within 24–72 hours of injury.

A. Cognitive declines B. Difficulty in coordination C. Personality changes D. Contractures

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cognitive declines: Cognitive impairment can occur in multiple sclerosis, particularly in later stages, but it is often subtle and develops gradually. It is less likely to be the initial symptom prompting someone to seek medical attention.

B. Difficulty in coordination: Difficulty with coordination, such as unsteady gait, limb weakness, or tremors, is a common early symptom of MS. These motor disturbances often interfere with daily functioning and are among the most noticeable and disruptive signs that prompt individuals to seek care.

C. Personality changes: Personality changes are not commonly associated with early MS and are more frequently linked to other neurological or psychiatric conditions. When present, they occur in advanced disease or with significant brain involvement, not initial symptom.

D. Contractures: Contractures result from long-term muscle stiffness or immobility and develop in later stages of MS if spasticity is unmanaged. They are a complication of chronic disease progression rather than an initial complaint.

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A client has had a cast placed for the treatment of a humeral fracture. The nurse's most recent assessment shows signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted to the orthopedic unit with a fractured femur after a motorcycle accident. The client has been placed in traction until the femur can be rodded in surgery. For what early complication(s) should the nurse monitor this client? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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