A client is scheduled for a “total serum cholesterol” lab test.
Which instruction to the client should be discussed to ensure adequate preparation for the test?

Do not eat or drink for 12 hours prior to the test.

Eliminate all dietary cholesterol for one week before this test.

Avoid caffeinated beverages for several days prior to the test.

Stop eating eggs and drinking milk for two days before the test.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Do not eat or drink for 12 hours prior to the test. This is because fasting is required for a total serum cholesterol test to get accurate results. Fasting means not eating or drinking anything except water for 9 to 12 hours before the test.

Choice B is wrong because eliminating all dietary cholesterol for one week before the test is not necessary and will not affect the test results. Dietary cholesterol only accounts for a small portion of the total cholesterol in the blood.

Choice C is wrong because avoiding caffeinated beverages for several days prior to the test is not required and will not influence the test results. Caffeine does not affect cholesterol levels.

Choice D is wrong because stopping eating eggs and drinking milk for two days before the test is not needed and will not change the test results. Eggs and milk contain cholesterol, but they also have other nutrients that may lower the risk of heart disease.

Normal ranges for total serum cholesterol are less than 200 mg/dL (5.18 mmol/L) for adults. Higher levels may indicate an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client practices meditation for 20 minutes once a day. This is an example of an adaptive coping strategy, which is a cognitive or behavioral effort to manage stressful conditions or associated emotional distress.

Meditation can help reduce tension, enhance relaxation, and promote well-being.

Choice A is wrong because the client consumes 3 glasses of wine after a stressful day at work. This is an example of an avoidance coping strategy, which is an attempt to reduce stress by avoiding dealing directly with the problem.

Alcohol consumption can have negative effects on physical and mental health, and does not address the source of stress.

Choice C is wrong because the client keeps all unresolved conflict to themselves. This is an example of an emotion-focused coping strategy, which is an attempt to regulate the emotional distress caused by a stressor.

However, this strategy can be maladaptive if it involves suppressing or denying emotions, which can lead to increased psychological distress and poor interpersonal relationships.

Choice D is wrong because the client consumes a half gallon of ice cream after an argument with a coworker. This is another example of an avoidance coping strategy, which is an attempt to reduce stress by avoiding dealing directly with the problem.

Ice cream consumption can have negative effects on physical health, such as obesity and diabetes, and does not address the source of stress.

A. The client uses the walker to get up from the chair and looks down at his feet to prevent falling. B. The client bears weight on both feet when moving the walker ahead and steps with the weaker leg first. C. The client places her full weight on the walker with her arms while taking steps to prevent pressure on her lower extremity joints. D. The client leans forward at a 60-degree angle while stepping into the walker but looks ahead at where he is going.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client bears weight on both feet when moving the walker ahead and steps with the weaker leg first. This is the proper way to use a walker for ambulation, as it provides stability and reduces stress on the affected joints.

Choice A is wrong because the client should not look down at his feet to prevent falling, but rather look ahead at where he is going. Looking down can cause neck strain and loss of balance.

Choice C is wrong because the client should not place her full weight on the walker with her arms while taking steps, as this can cause upper extremity fatigue and injury. The client should use the walker as a support, not a crutch.

Choice D is wrong because the client should not lean forward at a 60-degree angle while stepping into the walker, as this can cause back pain and poor posture. The client should stand upright and move the walker forward about one step’s length at a time.

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A client is scheduled for a “total serum cholesterol” lab test. Which instruction to the client should be discussed to ensure adequate preparation for the test?

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A client is scheduled for a “total serum cholesterol” lab test.
Which instruction to the client should be discussed to ensure adequate preparation for the test?