A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a loop diuretic. The nurse should closely monitor the client for which electrolyte imbalance associated with this medication?

Hyponatremia

Hypocalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because loop diuretics can lead to increased sodium excretion, potentially causing hypernatremia (high sodium levels) rather than hyponatremia (low sodium levels).

B) This choice is incorrect because loop diuretics do not typically cause hypocalcemia (low calcium levels). They primarily affect sodium, potassium, and water excretion.

C) This choice is incorrect because loop diuretics are more likely to cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) rather than hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). Loop diuretics can increase potassium excretion, leading to a potential deficiency.

D) This choice is correct. Loop diuretics are potent potassium-wasting diuretics, meaning they increase potassium excretion in the urine, potentially causing hypokalemia. The nurse should closely monitor the client's potassium levels and provide potassium supplementation if necessary.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because taking the nitrate medication with food is not necessary. Nitrate medications are usually taken sublingually or by mouth and are not associated with significant stomach upset.

B) This choice is correct. Nitrate medications, such as nitroglycerin, can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure when used concurrently with erectile dysfunction medications, specifically phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5 inhibitors) like sildenafil (Viagra) or tadalafil (Cialis). Clients should be warned against using these medications together to prevent hypotension and potential cardiovascular complications.

C) This choice is incorrect because grapefruit juice is not typically associated with nitrate medications. Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications, but it is not a known interaction with nitrates.

D) This choice is incorrect because increasing the nitrate dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Clients should be instructed to take nitrate medications as prescribed and seek immediate medical attention if chest pain is not relieved within a specific timeframe, as directed by their healthcare provider.

Questions

A. Restricting all physical activity to prevent strain on the heart. B. Weighing themselves once a week and reporting sudden weight gain. C. Consuming a high-sodium diet to increase fluid retention. D. Taking prescribed medications only when symptoms worsen.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because restricting all physical activity is not recommended for clients with congestive heart failure. Regular, moderate exercise can be beneficial for heart health when appropriately prescribed by the healthcare provider.

B) This choice is correct. Regularly weighing themselves, ideally daily, and reporting sudden weight gain to the healthcare provider is essential for clients with congestive heart failure. Sudden weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a worsening of heart failure, or medication non-compliance.

C) This choice is incorrect because a high-sodium diet can worsen fluid retention and exacerbate congestive heart failure symptoms. The client should follow a low-sodium diet to manage fluid balance.

D) This choice is incorrect because taking prescribed medications only when symptoms worsen is not appropriate for congestive heart failure management. The client should take prescribed medications as directed by the healthcare provider, even when feeling well, to prevent symptom exacerbation and improve heart function.

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A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a loop diuretic. The nurse should closely monitor the client for which electrolyte imbalance associated with this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a nitrate medication. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which instruction is essential for the client to prevent exacerbation of symptoms?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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