A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history and notes a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes this as a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure due to its association with:

Electrolyte imbalances.

Left-sided heart failure.

Decreased afterload.

Microvascular damage.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because while electrolyte imbalances can have cardiovascular implications, they are not directly associated with diabetes mellitus or congestive heart failure.

B) This choice is incorrect because left-sided heart failure is not directly related to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. However, diabetes can exacerbate heart failure if not well-controlled due to its impact on blood vessels and the heart.

C) This choice is incorrect because decreased afterload is not directly related to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Afterload refers to the resistance the heart has to overcome to eject blood into the circulation.

D) This choice is correct. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to microvascular damage, particularly in the small blood vessels of the heart. This damage can contribute to heart muscle dysfunction and congestive heart failure. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for developing heart failure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because age is a non-modifiable risk factor for congestive heart failure. While age increases the risk of heart disease, including CHF, it cannot be changed or modified.

B) This choice is incorrect because family history of heart disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. While individuals with a family history of heart disease may have an increased risk of developing CHF, it is not something that can be changed or modified.

C) This choice is correct. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for congestive heart failure. Smoking damages blood vessels, increases blood pressure, and can lead to atherosclerosis, all of which contribute to heart failure.

D) This choice is incorrect because gender is a non-modifiable risk factor for congestive heart failure. While men may have a slightly higher risk of heart failure compared to women, gender is not something that can be changed or modified.

A. Hypertension B. Diabetes mellitus C. Smoking history D. Family history of heart disease

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). Prolonged hypertension can lead to the heart's increased workload, causing it to weaken over time and eventually leading to CHF. The client's symptoms of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and nocturia (frequent urination at night) are common manifestations of CHF resulting from uncontrolled hypertension.

B) This choice is incorrect because diabetes mellitus, while a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is not directly associated with the symptoms described by the client. However, diabetes can exacerbate CHF if the client's blood glucose levels are not well-controlled.

C) This choice is incorrect because smoking history is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, but it is not specifically linked to the symptoms reported by the client in this case.

D) This choice is incorrect because a family history of heart disease may increase the client's risk of developing CHF, but it does not directly contribute to the current symptoms the client is experiencing.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history and notes a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes this as a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure due to its association with:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is conducting a community health education session on heart health. Which lifestyle factor should the nurse emphasize as a potential modifiable risk factor for congestive heart failure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected congestive heart failure. Which symptom is the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure?

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