A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

Immediate onset

Absence of rebound congestion

Shorter duration

More potent effect

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have an immediate onset. They take longer to act than nasal sprays because they have to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Nasal sprays act directly on the nasal mucosa and have a faster onset.

Choice B reason: This is correct because orally administered decongestants do not cause rebound congestion. Rebound congestion is a condition in which the nasal passages become more swollen and congested after the effect of the nasal spray wears off. This can lead to overuse and dependence on the nasal spray. Orally administered decongestants do not have this effect because they act systemically and not locally.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have a shorter duration. They have a longer duration than nasal sprays because they are metabolized more slowly by the liver. Nasal sprays have a shorter duration because they are eliminated more quickly by the nasal mucosa.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants are not more potent than nasal sprays. They have a similar potency, but they have a different mechanism of action. Orally administered decongestants act on the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing congestion. Nasal sprays act on the beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation and improving airflow.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid live vaccines while taking prednisone, as it can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infection.

Choice B reason: This is correct because prednisone can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and bananas are a good source of potassium. The client should monitor their potassium levels and eat foods rich in potassium while taking prednisone.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin while taking prednisone, as they can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because a sore throat is not a common side effect of prednisone. However, the client should report any signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, or cough, to the provider, as prednisone can mask the symptoms of infection.

A. Dextromethorphan B. Prednisone C. Atorvastatin D. Cimetidine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant that does not affect blood glucose levels. It is safe to use for clients with diabetes.

Choice B reason: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause glucose intolerance by increasing glucose production and decreasing insulin sensitivity. It can worsen hyperglycemia and increase the risk of diabetic complications.

Choice C reason: Atorvastatin is a statin that lowers cholesterol levels and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. It does not cause glucose intolerance and may have a beneficial effect on glycemic control.

Choice D reason: Cimetidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist that reduces stomach acid production and treats ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease. It does not cause glucose intolerance and has no significant interaction with diabetes medications.

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A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer lispro insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and is about to start taking theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse should tell the client that this medication might cause which of the following adverse effects?

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following drinks while taking this medication?

When a patient is taking an adrenergic agonist drug, the nurse expects to observe which effect?

A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing excessive, thick mucus from the respiratory tract. The nurse expects that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal of mucus?

A nurse is teaching a client who has benign prostatic hypertrophy and has a new prescription for finasteride. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

After starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus 6 months earlier, a patient is in the office for a follow-up examination. The nurse will monitor which laboratory test to evaluate the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?

A patient who has been on long-term corticosteroid therapy has had surgery to correct an abdominal hernia. The nurse keeps in mind that which potential effect of this medication may have the most impact on the patient's recovery?