A medical nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes. The patient's medication administration record includes the administration of regular insulin three times daily. Knowing that the patient's dinner tray will arrive at 1645, when should the nurse administer the patient's insulin to ensure the onset of the insulin coincides with the start of the meal?

1645

1615

1545

1600

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Regular insulin typically begins to take effect 30 minutes after administration. Administering insulin at the time of the meal (1645) would not allow enough time for the insulin to reach its onset of action, potentially resulting in the blood glucose level being high during the meal.

B. Regular insulin has an onset of action of 30 minutes. By administering the insulin at 1615, it will start to take effect by 1645, when the meal arrives, and help ensure the insulin action aligns with the meal, preventing postprandial hyperglycemia.

C. Administering insulin at 1545 would be too early and could lead to the insulin peaking before the meal, which could result in hypoglycemia if the insulin peak occurs before the patient has food to absorb the glucose.

D. Administering insulin at 1600 would result in the insulin starting to work too soon, with the onset happening before the meal and possibly leading to hypoglycemia if the insulin peaks before the meal is consumed.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Urinalysis shows trace protein:
Explanation: While trace protein in the urine is generally better than higher levels, it doesn't provide a specific measure of blood glucose control. Protein in the urine can be an early sign of kidney damage in diabetes, but it doesn't directly indicate blood glucose control.

B. Hemoglobin A1C of 5.6%:
Explanation: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) is a long-term indicator of blood glucose control. An HbA1C level of 5.6% is within the target range for individuals with diabetes and suggests good control of blood glucose over the past 2-3 months.

C. Fasting blood glucose of 110 mg/dL:
Explanation: Fasting blood glucose gives a snapshot of blood glucose at a specific moment. While 110 mg/dL is a fairly normal fasting level, it doesn't provide information about long-term control. A single fasting glucose measurement may not reflect overall glucose management.

D. Urine ketones are negative:
Explanation: Negative urine ketones indicate that the body is not currently using fat for energy. While this is a good sign in the moment, it doesn't give information about overall blood glucose control over time. Urine ketones can fluctuate based on various factors, including diet and activity level.

A. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 21 days, it may be kept at room temperature." B. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 2 weeks, it may be kept at room temperature." C. "If you are going to use up the vial within 1 month, it can be kept at room temperature." D. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 1 week, it may be kept at room temperature."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 21 days, it may be kept at room temperature."
This statement suggests a duration of up to 21 days for room temperature storage after the vial is in use. However, most insulins can typically be stored at room temperature for up to 28 days after initial use. This recommendation might be more conservative than necessary for many types of insulin.

B. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 2 weeks, it may be kept at room temperature."
This choice suggests a timeframe of 14 days for room temperature storage after opening the vial. However, for many insulins, the recommended duration for room temperature storage after opening is up to 28 days.

C. "If you are going to use up the vial within 1 month, it can be kept at room temperature."
This option extends the timeframe to 1 month for room temperature storage after the vial is in use. However, the generally recommended duration for many insulins is up to 28 days after opening.

D. "If a vial of insulin will be used up within 1 week, it may be kept at room temperature."
This choice suggests a very short duration of 7 days for room temperature storage after opening the vial. Most insulins can typically be stored at room temperature for a longer duration after initial use.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is seeing the nurse practitioner for a 6 months checkup for diabetes mellitus. While reviewing the patient's lab results, which lab best represents the patient has good control of the disease?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is conducting a class on how to self-manage insulin regimens. A client asks how long a vial of insulin can be stored at room temperature before it "goes bad." What would be the nurse's best answer?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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