Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (Free-Trial)

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is reviewing the record of a patient at 28 weeks gestation. The woman's history reveals one pregnancy terminated by elective abortion at 12 weeks; the birth of twins at 34 weeks and a spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks. According to the GTPAL system, which of the following describes her present situation?

4-0-1-2-2

4-2-0-2-2

20-02-2

30-2-0-2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Step 1: Understand GTPAL

G = Gravida (total number of pregnancies, including current)

T = Term births (≥37 weeks)

P = Preterm births (20–36 6/7 weeks)

A = Abortions (spontaneous or elective <20 weeks)

L = Living children

Step 2: Count based on patient history

Gravida (G): Total pregnancies = 1 elective abortion + twins + spontaneous abortion = 3 completed pregnancies + current pregnancy = 4 → G = 4

Term births (T): Birth ≥37 weeks = None → T = 0

Preterm births (P): Birth 20–36 6/7 weeks = twins at 34 weeks → P = 1

Abortions (A): Spontaneous or elective <20 weeks = elective abortion at 12 weeks + spontaneous at 15 weeks → A = 2

Living children (L): Twins survived → L = 2

Step 3: Combine numbers
G = 4, T = 0, P = 1, A = 2, L = 2 → 4-0-1-2-2

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Intussusception is incorrect because this condition typically presents with intermittent abdominal pain, drawing up of the legs, and “currant jelly” stools caused by blood and mucus. Vomiting may occur, but the presence of a palpable olive-shaped mass and projectile vomiting is not characteristic.

B. Pyloric stenosis is correct. Pyloric stenosis occurs when the pyloric muscle hypertrophies, causing gastric outlet obstruction. It usually presents in infants around 3–6 weeks of age with forceful, projectile vomiting immediately after feedings, signs of weight loss or poor weight gain, dehydration, and a palpable, firm, olive-shaped mass in the right upper abdomen. Vomiting is non-bilious because the obstruction is proximal to the duodenum.

C. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is incorrect because GER typically causes spitting up or regurgitation, which is usually non-forceful and not associated with an olive-shaped mass or significant weight loss. GER is common in infants and often resolves spontaneously.

D. Hirschsprung's disease is incorrect because it presents with chronic constipation, abdominal distension, and delayed passage of meconium in the newborn period. Projectile vomiting and a palpable pyloric mass are not typical features.

A. Small amounts of alcohol are safe during the second trimester." B. "Alcohol is only harmful in the first trimester." C. "Alcohol should be avoided completely during pregnancy." D. "Beer is safer than hard liquor while pregnant."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Small amounts of alcohol are safe during the second trimester." is incorrect because no amount of alcohol is considered safe during pregnancy. Even small amounts can affect fetal development and increase the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).

B. "Alcohol is only harmful in the first trimester." is incorrect because alcohol exposure can be harmful at any stage of pregnancy, not just the first trimester. While organogenesis occurs early, alcohol can still affect fetal growth, brain development, and neurobehavioral outcomes throughout pregnancy.

C. "Alcohol should be avoided completely during pregnancy." is correct. The safest recommendation is complete abstinence from alcohol. This approach eliminates the risk of alcohol-related complications and supports optimal fetal development. Health authorities, including the CDC and ACOG, advise that no level of alcohol is safe during pregnancy.

D. "Beer is safer than hard liquor while pregnant." is incorrect because all types of alcoholic beverages pose a risk to the developing fetus, regardless of alcohol content or type. There is no safe form of alcohol during pregnancy.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 3-week-old infant is brought to the emergency department with a history of forceful, projectile vomiting after feedings and signs of weight loss. On assessment, the nurse palpates a small, olive-shaped mass in the upper abdomen. Which condition does this clinical picture most likely indicate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 24-year-old pregnant woman asks the nurse if it is safe to drink alcohol during pregnancy. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A school-age child diagnosed with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

A 3-year-old child is diagnosed with congenital heart disease (CHD), specifically tetralogy of Fallot. The nurse is preparing to assess the child's cardiac status. Which of the following clinical manifestations is most commonly seen in children with tetralogy of Fallot?

A 22 kg patient has an ordered for cefazolin 500 mg IV every 6 hours. The safe dose is 50 mg/kg/day. Is the ordered dose safe for the patient?

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has suspected pertussis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)

A 5-year-old child is recovering after undergoing surgery for a brain tumor. The nurse is reviewing the child's postoperative care plan. The child is alert, but the nurse notices that the child is vomiting and complaining of a headache. The nurse's priority action should be:

The nurse is caring for a patient who gave birth to an infant with a congenital heart anomaly. The patient asks the nurse when such anomalies occur during development. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?