A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler.
The child is at risk for developing
Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence.
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"E"}
A. While acute glomerulonephritis can occur following certain infections such as streptococcal infections, it is less commonly associated with fever and lethargy compared to pyelonephritis.
B. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly associated with fever and lethargy, especially in young children. The fever and lethargy reported by the parent, along with the urine sample obtained, suggest a concern for pyelonephritis.
C. Polycystic kidney disease typically presents later in life and is not typically associated with acute febrile illness in a 1-year-old toddler.
D. Renal scarring can occur as a complication of untreated or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly pyelonephritis. The presence of fever and lethargy in the child, along with the history of decreased appetite, raises concerns for a urinary tract infection that could lead to renal scarring if left untreated.
E. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than the symptoms described in the scenario.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Mixing the medication with formula may not be appropriate as the infant has vomited, and re-administering the medication immediately may result in overdosing.
B. Giving an antiemetic is not indicated unless ordered by the healthcare provider. It is important to follow specific orders in this situation.
C. Increasing fluid intake may not be advisable immediately after vomiting, especially in the context of heart failure. The infant may require evaluation for fluid status before increasing intake.
D. Administering the next dose as prescribed is the appropriate action unless contraindicated by specific circumstances or healthcare provider orders.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A child with HIV is at increased risk of developing tuberculosis and should be screened annually.
B. This is incorrect because the risk of transmission does not depend on the duration of zidovudine therapy, but on the viral load and the exposure to body fluids.
C. Doubling medications is not a standard practice in HIV management and may lead to medication errors or adverse effects.
D. Childhood immunizations are important for children with HIV, but they may need to be adjusted based on the child's immune status and treatment regimen, not just during remission.
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