A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who reports pruritus and reddened, oozing lesions on her lower leg.
The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?
Pediculosis.
Contact dermatitis.
Alopecia.
Tinea pedis.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Pediculosis refers to an infestation of lice, which typically presents with intense itching and the presence of nits (lice eggs) attached to hair shafts. While there may be redness and irritation from scratching, oozing lesions are not a primary characteristic of pediculosis.
Choice B rationale
Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition caused by direct contact with an allergen or irritant. It often manifests as pruritus (itching), redness (erythema), and oozing lesions (vesiculation and weeping) at the site of contact. The client's report of pruritus and reddened, oozing lesions on her lower leg is consistent with contact dermatitis.
Choice C rationale
Alopecia refers to hair loss, which can be localized or widespread. It does not typically involve pruritus or oozing lesions on the skin.
Choice D rationale
Tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot, is a fungal infection of the feet. It commonly presents with scaling, itching, redness, and sometimes blistering, but oozing lesions are less typical unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. The location on the lower leg is also less common for tinea pedis, which primarily affects the feet. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Migraine headaches are a common comorbidity associated with fibromyalgia. Studies suggest a shared pathophysiology involving central sensitization and altered pain processing mechanisms in the central nervous system that contribute to both conditions.
Choice B rationale
Weather changes, particularly fluctuations in barometric pressure, temperature, and humidity, are frequently reported by individuals with fibromyalgia as triggers for increased pain and other symptoms like stiffness and fatigue. The exact mechanisms are not fully understood but may involve changes in tissue pressure and nerve sensitivity.
Choice C rationale
Chest pain, specifically non-cardiac chest pain, is a recognized symptom in some individuals with fibromyalgia. This pain is often musculoskeletal in origin, arising from tender points in the chest wall and surrounding muscles, and is not related to cardiac issues.
Choice D rationale
Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive issues. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia does not involve joint inflammation or structural damage to the joints. The pain is believed to originate from amplified pain signals in the brain and spinal cord.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can decrease calcium absorption in the gut and increase calcium excretion by the kidneys. Long-term use can lead to bone demineralization and osteoporosis. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, so supplementation helps mitigate these effects and maintain bone health. Normal serum calcium levels range from 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL.
Choice B rationale
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is involved in various metabolic processes, and vitamin B6 is crucial for protein metabolism and nerve function. While important for overall health, there is no direct established link requiring their supplementation specifically due to prednisone therapy.
Choice C rationale
Biotin (vitamin B7) is involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell formation and nerve function. There is no strong scientific evidence indicating a specific need for biotin and vitamin B12 supplementation during long-term prednisone treatment.
Choice D rationale
Folic acid (vitamin B9) is important for cell growth and DNA synthesis, and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an antioxidant involved in immune function and collagen synthesis. While beneficial for overall health, their supplementation is not specifically indicated to counteract the side effects of long-term prednisone therapy.
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