A nurse is admitting a baby to the newborn nursery. The nurse suspects the baby may have congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings has the nurse likely observed? Select all that apply.
clubfoot
cleft palate
protruding tongue
imperforate anus
short, thick neck
Correct Answer : C,E
Rationale:
A. Clubfoot is a musculoskeletal deformity unrelated to thyroid function.
B. Cleft palate is a congenital craniofacial defect not commonly associated with hypothyroidism.
C. A protruding tongue is a classic sign of congenital hypothyroidism due to generalized hypotonia and swelling.
D. Imperforate anus is a gastrointestinal malformation not linked to thyroid disorders.
E. A short, thick neck is commonly seen in infants with congenital hypothyroidism and contributes to their distinctive appearance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Physical activity increases glucose utilization by muscles, which can lower blood glucose levels. To prevent hypoglycemia, children with diabetes often need additional carbohydrate intake before or after exercise.
B. Decreasing food intake during activity may worsen the risk of hypoglycemia.
C. Physical activity actually increases the risk of insulin shock (hypoglycemia) unless managed appropriately.
D. Exercise generally lowers blood glucose levels, reducing the risk of hyperglycemia, not increasing it.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hemoglobin A1c of 5.5% is within the normal range and does not indicate chronic hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
B. A fasting blood glucose of 124 mg/dL is elevated but not high enough to indicate DKA, which usually involves glucose levels >250 mg/dL.
C. A serum pH of 7.24 indicates metabolic acidosis, a hallmark of diabetic ketoacidosis. This acidic state results from the buildup of ketones due to insulin deficiency.
D. Potassium may initially be elevated in DKA due to acidosis, but a value of 3.9 mEq/L is within normal limits and not specific to DKA.
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