A nurse is assessing a client admitted to a health care facility with nausea, vomiting. and abdominal cramps and distention. Which test result is most significant?
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 29 mg/dl
Serum sodium level of 132 mEq/L
Urine specific gravity of 1.025
Serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is D
A. A BUN of 29 mg/dL is slightly elevated and may suggest dehydration, but it is not the most immediately critical finding.
B. A sodium level of 132 mEq/L is mildly hyponatremic but not acutely life-threatening in most cases.
C. A urine specific gravity of 1.025 is within the normal range (1.010–1.030) and not alarming on its own.
D. A serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L is hypokalemic and clinically significant, especially in a client with vomiting. Low potassium can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness, making it the most urgent value to address.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hypermagnesemia can cause neuromuscular depression, leading to diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes, muscle weakness, and potentially respiratory depression.
B. Tachycardia is less common; hypermagnesemia more often causes bradycardia.
C. Cool, clammy skin is nonspecific and not a primary sign of hypermagnesemia.
D. Acute flank pain is more related to renal calculi or infections, not directly to high magnesium levels.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Air embolism involves respiratory distress and is unrelated to local IV site findings.
B. Phlebitis presents with redness, warmth, pain, and sometimes a palpable cord, not coolness.
C. Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue causing edema and coolness at the site.
D. Fluid overload is a systemic condition, not localized to the IV site.
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