A nurse is teaching basic "survival skills" to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which topic will the nurse address address?
Management of diabetic ketoacidosis
Signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy
Effects of surgery and pregnancy on blood sugar levels
Recognition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia
The Correct Answer is D
A. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis:
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar, ketones in the urine, and metabolic acidosis. While it's crucial to understand how to manage DKA, this may be considered more advanced knowledge and may not be categorized as a basic survival skill for someone newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.
B. Signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy:
Diabetic neuropathy is a long-term complication that involves damage to the nerves due to prolonged high blood sugar levels. While understanding neuropathy is important for long-term health, it may not be the first topic addressed as a basic survival skill for someone newly diagnosed.
C. Effects of surgery and pregnancy on blood sugar levels:
Understanding how surgery and pregnancy can affect blood sugar levels is important for managing diabetes in specific situations. However, this knowledge might be considered more advanced and may not be the initial focus for someone just starting to learn about diabetes self-care.
D. Recognition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia:
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of both low and high blood sugar is essential for immediate self-care. This includes understanding when blood sugar is too low (hypoglycemia) and requires prompt treatment, as well as recognizing the symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and knowing how to address them. This knowledge is fundamental for the daily management and well-being of someone with diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Diet, exercise, and oral medications can be effective. I will ask the physician to prescribe Metformin":
Explanation: This statement is not accurate for type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes results from the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin, so oral medications like Metformin, which work to increase insulin sensitivity or reduce glucose production in the liver, are not effective. Insulin replacement is the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes.
B. "Your body does not produce insulin, and the only treatment is injected insulin":
Explanation: This is the correct statement. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin or produces very little, and insulin cannot be taken orally because it would be broken down in the digestive system. Therefore, injections are the primary and necessary mode of insulin delivery.
C. "Glucophage can help your body better utilize the insulin secreted by the pancreas":
Explanation: This statement is more applicable to type 2 diabetes, where the pancreas may still produce insulin, but the body's cells are resistant to its effects. In type 1 diabetes, the issue is a lack of insulin production, so medications to improve insulin utilization are not relevant.
D. "Initially, you will need injections, but after your body adjusts to the insulin, you can switch to Metformin":
Explanation: This is not accurate for type 1 diabetes. The need for insulin in type 1 diabetes is not something the body adjusts to over time. Insulin is a lifelong requirement for individuals with type 1 diabetes, and it cannot be replaced by oral medications like Metformin.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I can eat a salad with oil and vinegar dressing":
Explanation: This statement is correct. A salad with oil and vinegar dressing is a healthy option, and the patient does not need to avoid this.
B. "I can cook soup using canned vegetables":
Explanation: This statement is generally acceptable. However, the patient should be aware of the sodium content in canned vegetables and choose low-sodium options to manage fluid retention, which can be a concern in Cushing's syndrome.
C. "I can eat dried fruit for breakfast with my oatmeal":
Explanation: This statement is questionable. Dried fruits may have higher sugar content and can contribute to an increase in calorie intake. In Cushing's syndrome, where there may be weight gain, it's advisable to choose fresh fruits over dried ones.
D. "I can eat baked chicken with green beans for dinner":
Explanation: This statement is correct. Baked chicken with green beans is a healthy and balanced option.
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