A nurse is assessing a client who is taking furosemide for heart failure. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse effect of the medication?
Increased blood pressure
Hearing loss
Ankle edema
Decreased blood sugar
The Correct Answer is B
B. Hearing loss can indeed be an adverse effect associated with furosemide use, especially when high doses are administered rapidly intravenously or when the medication is used long-term. This occurs due to furosemide's potential to cause ototoxicity, affecting the inner ear and leading to hearing impairment.
A. Furosemide is not known to increase blood pressure. In fact, it typically helps reduce blood pressure by reducing fluid volume through its diuretic action. Therefore, increased blood pressure would not be an adverse effect of furosemide.
C Ankle edema is not typically an adverse effect of furosemide. In fact, furosemide is used to treat edema by reducing fluid retention, so the presence of ankle edema would indicate inadequate response to the medication or progression of the underlying condition.
D. Furosemide is not known to cause decreased blood sugar levels. Instead, it can cause electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which might manifest with symptoms similar to hypoglycemia but does not directly lower blood sugar levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. Amiodarone is a potent antiarrhythmic agent that affects multiple ion channels (sodium, potassium, calcium channels) and has properties of both Class I, II, III, and IV antiarrhythmics. Amiodarone is the drug of choice for treating life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. It can be administered rapidly via intravenous bolus followed by infusion to stabilize the heart rhythm and prevent recurrence.
A. Digoxin is more commonly used for atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, rather than ventricular dysrhythmias. It does not have rapid anti-dysrhythmic effects suitable for life- threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
B. Dopamine is typically used to support blood pressure and cardiac output in shock states rather than for direct management of ventricular dysrhythmias.
C. Verapamil is used for atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia, but not typically for ventricular dysrhythmias. In fact, it can worsen ventricular dysrhythmias and is contraindicated in some cases of ventricular tachycardia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Oxycodone does not directly inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Its primary mechanism of action is through binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the mu-opioid receptors. While prostaglandins play a role in pain perception and inflammation, they are not directly involved in oxycodone-induced respiratory depression.
B. Oxycodone binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, particularly in the brainstem, which houses the respiratory centers. Activation of these receptors leads to a reduction in neurotransmitter release, including those responsible for stimulating respiratory drive. As a result, the respiratory rate decreases, and if the depression is severe, it can lead to hypoventilation or respiratory arrest.
C. Oxycodone does not block sodium channels in the same manner as local anesthetics. Its effects are primarily mediated through opioid receptor binding and subsequent CNS depression, rather than by affecting nerve conduction through sodium channels.
D. Its effects are centrally mediated through opioid receptor binding, resulting in pain relief, sedation, and respiratory depression. Vasodilation of cranial arteries is not a known effect of oxycodone.
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