A nurse is assessing a client who is withdrawing from opioid use. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Bradypnea
Constipation
Miosis
Sneezing
The Correct Answer is D
A. Bradypnea: Opioid withdrawal typically causes an increase in respiratory rate rather than slowing. Bradypnea is more commonly associated with opioid intoxication, not withdrawal.
B. Constipation: While opioids cause constipation during use, withdrawal usually results in diarrhea and increased bowel motility rather than continued constipation.
C. Miosis: Pupil constriction occurs with opioid use. During withdrawal, pupils often dilate (mydriasis), so miosis is not expected.
D. Sneezing: Sneezing is a common manifestation of opioid withdrawal due to hyperactivity of the autonomic nervous system. Other signs include lacrimation, rhinorrhea, yawning, and generalized restlessness.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Dexamethasone: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used to promote fetal lung maturity in preterm labor or to reduce inflammation. It does not counteract magnesium sulfate toxicity and is not indicated for respiratory depression or absent reflexes.
B. Methylergonovine: Methylergonovine is a uterotonic used to treat postpartum hemorrhage by stimulating uterine contractions. It does not reverse magnesium sulfate toxicity or address respiratory depression.
C. Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression. Since the client’s symptoms are due to magnesium sulfate toxicity, naloxone would not be effective.
D. Calcium gluconate: Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity. It works by antagonizing the effects of magnesium on neuromuscular and cardiac function, helping to restore normal reflexes and improve respiratory function.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tinnitus: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with ototoxic potential. The presence of tinnitus may indicate early ototoxicity, and withholding the medication is necessary to prevent further auditory damage.
B. Altered taste sensation: Changes in taste are generally mild and not a life-threatening side effect. They do not require withholding the medication but should be documented and monitored.
C. Tremors: Tremors can occur with certain medications or electrolyte imbalances, but they are not a common reason to withhold gentamicin unless accompanied by other signs of neurotoxicity.
D. Photosensitivity: Photosensitivity is not a typical adverse effect of gentamicin. While clients may be advised to avoid excessive sun exposure for some medications, this side effect does not necessitate withholding the drug.
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