A nurse is assessing a patient with respiratory acidosis.
What symptoms should the nurse anticipate?
Numbness in the fingers.
Abdominal pain.
Dry skin.
Lethargy.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Numbness in the fingers is not typically a symptom of respiratory acidosis. This condition is characterized by an excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body, which leads to a decrease in the pH of your blood, making it too acidic. Numbness in the fingers could be a symptom of other conditions, such as peripheral neuropathy or Raynaud’s disease.
Choice B rationale:
Abdominal pain is also not a common symptom of respiratory acidosis. While abdominal discomfort can occur in a variety of conditions, it is not directly associated with the acid-base balance disturbance that characterizes respiratory acidosis.
Conditions that commonly cause abdominal pain include gastrointestinal issues like gastritis, appendicitis, or gallstones.
Choice C rationale:
Dry skin is not a symptom of respiratory acidosis. The skin’s condition can be influenced by many factors, including hydration, environmental conditions, and certain skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis. Respiratory acidosis, on the other hand, is a condition that affects the acid-base balance in the body due to alveolar hypoventilation.
Choice D rationale:
Lethargy is indeed a symptom of respiratory acidosis. This condition occurs when the lungs can’t remove enough CO2, leading to an increase in the acidity of the blood. Symptoms of respiratory acidosis vary according to how long you’ve had the condition and its severity. Initial symptoms can include anxiety, blurred vision, and shortness of breath. If left untreated or in severe cases, symptoms may include fatigue, lethargy, delirium, or confusion. Therefore, a nurse assessing a patient with respiratory acidosis should anticipate lethargy among other symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Caffeinated beverages are known to cause diarrhea. Caffeine naturally occurs in many foods and drinks, including coffee and chocolate. It speeds up the digestive system and can cause loose stools. In addition, caffeine can irritate the stomach lining during digestion. Therefore, it’s important for the nurse to educate the patient about the potential effects of caffeinated beverages on their digestive system.
Choice B rationale:
Low-fiber cereal is not typically associated with triggering diarrhea. In fact, foods that are low in fiber can actually help firm up stools and are often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. Therefore, while it’s not harmful, it’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
Choice C rationale:
White rice is another food that does not typically cause diarrhea. Similar to low-fiber cereal, white rice can help firm up stools and is often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. It’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
Choice D rationale:
Ripe bananas do not typically cause diarrhea. They are actually part of the BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast), which is often recommended for individuals experiencing diarrhea. Therefore, it’s not a primary concern for patients with diarrhea.
In conclusion, when educating a patient about food and drinks that can trigger diarrhea, the nurse should include caffeinated beverages as they can potentially cause diarrhea. However, low-fiber cereal, white rice, and ripe bananas are not typically associated with triggering diarrhea.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Iron supplements Iron supplements are commonly used to treat or prevent iron deficiency anemia. While beneficial in relieving iron deficiency, iron pills can cause side effects like constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dark stools, stomach cramps, and a metallic taste. However, constipation is not the primary side effect of iron supplements.
Choice B rationale:
Magnesium-containing antacids Magnesium-containing antacids are used to relieve the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), heartburn, or indigestion. By neutralizing stomach acid, antacids relieve symptoms such as burning behind the breast bone or throat area caused by acid reflux, a bitter taste in the mouth, a persistent dry cough, pain when lying down, or regurgitation. While these antacids can cause diarrhea, they do not typically lead to constipation.
Choice C rationale:
Anticholinergics/Antispasmodics Anticholinergics and antispasmodics are used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Some are used together with antacids or other medicines in the treatment of peptic ulcers. Others are used to prevent nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness. While these medications can cause a variety of side effects, constipation is not a primary side effect.
Choice D rationale:
Opioid narcotics Opioids, also known as narcotics, are a class of drugs healthcare providers prescribe to manage moderate to severe pain, as well as chronic coughing and diarrhea. Common side effects of narcotics include constipation, decreased sweating, dizziness, dry mouth, nose, throat, or skin. Therefore, opioid narcotics are the medication most likely to lead to constipation among the options provided.
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