A nurse is educating a newly licensed nurse about the side effects of medications.
Which medication can lead to constipation?
Iron supplements
Magnesium-containing antacids
Anticholinergics/Antispasmodics
Opioid narcotics
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Iron supplements Iron supplements are commonly used to treat or prevent iron deficiency anemia. While beneficial in relieving iron deficiency, iron pills can cause side effects like constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dark stools, stomach cramps, and a metallic taste. However, constipation is not the primary side effect of iron supplements.
Choice B rationale:
Magnesium-containing antacids Magnesium-containing antacids are used to relieve the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), heartburn, or indigestion. By neutralizing stomach acid, antacids relieve symptoms such as burning behind the breast bone or throat area caused by acid reflux, a bitter taste in the mouth, a persistent dry cough, pain when lying down, or regurgitation. While these antacids can cause diarrhea, they do not typically lead to constipation.
Choice C rationale:
Anticholinergics/Antispasmodics Anticholinergics and antispasmodics are used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Some are used together with antacids or other medicines in the treatment of peptic ulcers. Others are used to prevent nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness. While these medications can cause a variety of side effects, constipation is not a primary side effect.
Choice D rationale:
Opioid narcotics Opioids, also known as narcotics, are a class of drugs healthcare providers prescribe to manage moderate to severe pain, as well as chronic coughing and diarrhea. Common side effects of narcotics include constipation, decreased sweating, dizziness, dry mouth, nose, throat, or skin. Therefore, opioid narcotics are the medication most likely to lead to constipation among the options provided.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A respiratory rate of 28/min is not an indication that the intervention was effective. A normal respiratory rate for an adult at rest is between 12 and 20 breaths per minute. A respiratory rate of 28/min is considered tachypnea, which could be a sign of respiratory distress, not an improvement.
Choice B rationale:
Pink mucous membranes are a good sign. They indicate effective oxygenation and perfusion. When the body is receiving an adequate amount of oxygen, the skin, lips, and mucous membranes can appear pink. This is a positive outcome of oxygen therapy for hypoxia.
Choice C rationale:
A heart rate of 110/min is not an indication that the intervention was effective. A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. A heart rate of 110/min is considered tachycardia, which could be a sign of distress or compensation for hypoxia, not an improvement.
Choice D rationale:
Restlessness is not an indication that the intervention was effective. On the contrary, restlessness can be a sign of inadequate oxygenation. When the brain does not receive enough oxygen, a patient can become restless or anxious. Therefore, restlessness is not a positive outcome of oxygen therapy for hypoxia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A.
Choice A rationale: Assisting the patient to the bathroom every 2 hours is a fixed schedule that doesn't allow for individual variations in bladder function. A bladder-training program should encourage the patient to recognize and respond to their own urge to urinate, promoting self-reliance and bladder control.
Choice B rationale: Offering the opportunity to urinate before bathing is a good practice to prevent accidents and promote comfort. It also helps to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections.
Choice C rationale: Encouraging the patient to urinate when they feel the urge is a key component of bladder training. It helps the patient to develop bladder control and reduce the frequency of accidents.
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