A nurse is assisting a client who has hypertension with selecting meals. The client reports following Islamic dietary laws. Which of the following is the appropriate menu selection for this client?

Whole-wheat pasta, green salad, and diet cola

Broiled chicken, grilled potatoes, and lemonade

Roast beef, brown rice, and coffee

Grilled pork loin, steamed vegetables, and water

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Whole-wheat pasta, green salad, and diet cola: While this meal is low in fat and suitable for hypertension, it lacks a clear protein source. Additionally, diet cola contains caffeine and artificial sweeteners, which some clients may choose to avoid due to personal or health preferences.
B. Broiled chicken, grilled potatoes, and lemonade: This option is appropriate for a client with hypertension and complies with Islamic dietary laws. Chicken is a halal protein, and the meal is low in sodium and saturated fat. Lemonade is a non-caffeinated beverage that aligns with religious and health considerations.
C. Roast beef, brown rice, and coffee: Roast beef is permissible if it is halal, but this cannot be assumed unless specified. Coffee contains caffeine, which some individuals with hypertension may need to limit. The meal also lacks details on fat and sodium content.
D. Grilled pork loin, steamed vegetables, and water: Pork is strictly prohibited (haram) in Islamic dietary laws. Although the vegetables and water are appropriate, the inclusion of pork makes this meal unacceptable for a practicing Muslim.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Initiate a low-protein diet: A low-protein diet is inappropriate for burn clients, who require increased protein to support wound healing, tissue regeneration, and immune function. Protein needs are significantly elevated in clients with burns.
B. Provide a vitamin C supplement: Vitamin C supports collagen synthesis, promotes wound healing, and enhances immune function. Clients with partial-thickness burns benefit from supplementation to aid skin repair and recovery.
C. Administer a potassium-sparing diuretic: Diuretics are generally avoided in the early stages of burn care due to fluid shifts and risk of hypovolemia. Fluid resuscitation is prioritized to stabilize hemodynamics and maintain organ perfusion.
D. Limit zinc intake: Zinc plays a critical role in tissue healing and immune support. Limiting zinc would be counterproductive; burn clients often require additional zinc to meet increased metabolic demands.

A. “Include supplemental pancreatic enzymes with snacks." B. “Avoid taking water-soluble vitamins with pancreatic enzymes." C. "Adjust pancreatic enzymes to achieve three to four stools per day." D. "Decrease pancreatic enzymes when eating high-fat meals."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Include supplemental pancreatic enzymes with snacks: Pancreatic enzymes should be taken with all meals and snacks to aid digestion and nutrient absorption. However, the adjustment of dosage is based on stool characteristics rather than just timing with food.
B. Avoid taking water-soluble vitamins with pancreatic enzymes: Water-soluble vitamins (B and C) are not affected by pancreatic enzymes. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) are the ones often supplemented in cystic fibrosis and may be taken with enzymes to enhance absorption.
C. Adjust pancreatic enzymes to achieve three to four stools per day: Pancreatic enzyme dosage is tailored to optimize digestion and minimize steatorrhea. Achieving 1 to 2 well-formed stools in infants or 2 to 3 in older children and teens typically indicates adequate enzyme dosing.
D. Decrease pancreatic enzymes when eating high-fat meals: High-fat meals actually require more pancreatic enzymes for digestion. Decreasing enzyme intake in this situation can worsen malabsorption and weight loss.

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A nurse is assisting a client who has hypertension with selecting meals. The client reports following Islamic dietary laws. Which of the following is the appropriate menu selection for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

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