A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client who has been diagnosed with a urinary tract infection and is prescribed amoxicillin/clavulanate. Which of the following pathogens should the nurse identity as the most common bacterial cause of UTIs?
Enterococcus
Escherichia coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Klebsiella
The Correct Answer is B
A. Enterococcus can cause UTIs, especially in hospitalized or catheterized patients, but it is not the most common cause in otherwise healthy children.
B. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is by far the most common pathogen responsible for pediatric urinary tract infections. It accounts for approximately 80–90% of all UTIs in children. The bacteria originate from the gastrointestinal tract and ascend through the urethra into the urinary tract, making it the leading cause.
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is less common and usually associated with complicated UTIs, such as those in children with structural abnormalities, indwelling catheters, or immunocompromised states.
D. Klebsiella can also cause UTIs but occurs far less frequently compared to E. coli.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Using a soft-bristled brush to gently loosen the scales and rinse them off is the recommended approach for cradle cap (seborrheic dermatitis of infancy). Parents can also apply a small amount of baby oil or mineral oil to soften the scales before brushing. This method is gentle, safe, and effective.
B. Skipping hair washing may actually worsen cradle cap, since regular gentle shampooing helps remove excess oils and prevent buildup of scales.
C. Rubbing lemon juice on the scalp can cause skin irritation and is not recommended in infants.
D. Applying adult-strength dandruff shampoo is unsafe for infants due to the harsh chemicals it contains. Only mild baby shampoos or pediatrician-recommended medicated shampoos should be used if needed.
Correct Answer is ["7.5"]
Explanation
Desired dose = 375 mg
Available concentration = 500 mg per 10 mL = 50 mg/mL
Volume needed = Desired dose ÷ Concentration = 375 mg ÷ 50 mg/mL = 7.5 mL
Final Answer:7.5 mL
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